LAHORE', one of the chief cities of the Punjab, stands on the left bank of the Ravi, the middle of the live rivers which give name to the country; lat. 31° 36' n., long. 74° 21' east. It is surrounded by a brick wall, formerly 25 ft. high, and by fortifications 7 in. in circuit. In the n.w. corner of the city stand the citadel, the great magazine, and militaryworkshops. The streets are narrow and gloomy, the bazaars well furnished, but the houses in general insignificant. Within the circit it, wells are abundant; the ground is well cultivated, adorned with magnificent gardens, and strewn with numerous ruins of a bygone splendor and prosperity. The present town, which has a population of (1868) 98,024, is said to have possessed under the Moguls 1,000,000 inhabitants. In the 12th c. it was the capital of the dynasty of the Ghazuevides, and subsequently a favorite resi dence of the successors of Baber. In 1799 Runjeet Singh, the Sikh prince, became ruler
of Lahore; but al he chose for his head-quarters Am ritsir, a city about 40 m. to the e., Lahore became much neglected. Since 1849. the epoch of the British conquest of the ,Punjab, Lahore has advanced in commerce and wealth. More especially, however, has the change of masters been beneficial to education. A seminary not only for imparting Hindu and Mohammedan literature, but also for communicating, through vernacular languages, European knowledge, has been successfully established, and has about 500 pupils. Lahore is connected by railway with Amritsir and also with Multan and the wharves on the Chenab river there. There is also a university college, an hospital and medical school, a museum, etc.