LEBANON, a co. in s.e. Pennsylvania, taken in 1816 from the counties of Lancaster and Dauphin. It is well watered by the Swatara river and the Little Swatara, with their branches; 288 sq.m.; pop. in '80, 38,476-37,845 Americans. The Third mountain, a spur of the Blue mountain range, forms its n.w, boundary, and the First and Second mountains, the extreme north-west. The Conewago hills lie in the extreme s., and the valley of the Swatara creek, a tributary of Susquehanna river. It is traversed by the Lebanon Valley, the Lebanon and Tremont, and the Schuylkill and Susquehanna rail roads. The Union canal, the first in the American colonies, passes near the Swatara river, and Tulpehocken creek. The streams furnish extensive water-power for planing, saw, and flour mills. It includes Lebanon valley, which is bounded on the n.w. by the single, narrow ridges of the Kittaninny mountains, and on the s.c. by the steep, stony
hills of South mountain, having undulating slate and limestone lands, abounding in every element of fertility. Indian-corn, wheat, rye, buck-wheat, flax-seed, and quanti ties of well-flavored fruit are produced; and cattle, sheep, and swine are raised. Straw berries, grapes, and mulberries grow wild, and maize is an original product.. It contains rich mines of iron ore, copper, slate, limestone, and marble. • Pig iron is the chief arti cle of export. The principal industries are the manufacture of bar iron and castings, both for exportation and borne use, clothing, carriages, saddlery and harness, tin, cop per, sheet-iron ware, and cigars. Value of manufactures in 1870, inclusive of pig iron, $4,160,084. Scat of justice, Lebanon.