KYTIIIIL, or KAITIIAL, a t. in the Delhi division of the Punjab, about 1000 m. to the n.w. of Calcutta. In 1868 the pop. was 14,940. It is substantially built of brick, having a lofty palace. which looks down from it beautiful grove on a spacious sheet of water. It was only in 1843 that the territory fell to the English East India company, having lapsed through the failure of heirs. It then comprised more than 500 villages,. with a revenue of £44,000.
THE twelfth letter of our alphabet, was called Lamed, i.e., "ox-goad," by the Hebrews, doubtless froiu its resemblance to that implement—a resemblance still traceable iu the Phenician. L belongs to the order of consonants called liquids, and has the closest affinity to R. In some languages there is only one sign for both, as in Pehlwi ; and in others, the one or the other sound is altogether wanting. Hence, the numerous substitutions of the one sound for the other in the Aryan languages. Thus,
Eng. plum, Ger. pflaume. from Lat. prunes; Eng. pilgrim, Lat. peregrines; Gr. or Let. epistoler, Fr. epitre; the Swiss peasants pronounce Kirchc, Ifilche; and the Let. termina tion alis becomes, after 1, aris—as, materi-a/is, famili-aris. L is also interchangeable with n—as, Gr. pneumon, Lat. pulmo; and, rather strangely, with D (q.v.). In certain combinations, the l of Latin words has become i in Italian —as, planus, piano; Florentia, Firenze. In Eng. 1 is often mute, as in calm, yolk, should. In tire Scottish dialect, it is mostly mute in the end of words—as, fa'. fu', a', for fall, full, all. Similar to this is the frequent melting of 1 into u in modern French—thus, a le has become au; cherals, cheraux. • LA. See SOLMIZATION.