MARQUEZ, LEONA-RDO. b. Mexico, 1818; prominent during the war between Mexico and the United State's, 1845-48, and in 1847 was active in the defense of the vall.ty of Mexico. In 1849 the successful revolutionary. movement of Santa Anna was supporte I by Marquez, who beaded a rising in Guanajuato. In reward for this service, Siuita., Anna, on receiving the presidency, promoted him to high command. Alvarez and Comonfort found a bitter and persistent antagonist in Marquez, who conducted against them a fierce guerilla warfan, during 1856--57, and who, during the next three years, sustained Miramou and ZuIoaga in their conflict with Juarez. This conflict lie contin ued to wage independently after Miramon had retired from thd field, and until the occurrence of the French intervention in 1861. He supported Maximilian in his progress. through Mexico, and on the latter assuming the crown of the new empire, 3Iarquez was appointed minister of the new government to Constantinople. From this mission lie retuhied in 1866, and witnessed the downfall of the empire, partaking of the last strug gles of Maximilian, and commanding the defense of the city of Mexico against the opera tions of Porfirio Diaz. On the surrender of the capital he fled to Havana, and has since
made that city his residence. The career of Marquez, though brave and adventurous, was stained by unnecessary cruelty. In 1859 he gained the bloody victory of Tacubaya, and signalized his success by the execution, not only of prisoners of war, but of non combatants, an act which gave him the significant name of '• the tiger of Tacubaya." Other instances of a similar sanguinary temper occur in the execution, by his orders, of the prime minister Ocampo, and generals Valle and Degollado, who were his prisoners_ In view of these facts, the established government of Mexico, after the downfall of Maxi milian, set a price upon the head of 3Iarquez; and on the occasion of the general amnesty granted in 1870, he was expressly excluded by name. It is due to him to state that he: has made published statements denying the charges of cruelty which had been brought against him.