MALCOLM, Sir JORN, G.C.B., a British statesman and historian, was b. at Burnfoot, parish of Westerkirk, Dumfriesshire, May 2, 1769, and at the age of 14 went to India as a cadet in the 'Madras army. About 1790 he commenced to devote his leisure hours to the study of the oriental languages, especially Persian. Ile distinguished himself at the siege of Seringapatam in 1792, and was appointed to the staff as Persian interpreter. In 1800 he was sent as ambassador to Persia, to form an alliance with that country against Bonaparte, in which he succeeded. In 1802, 1807, and 1809 lie was again sent as minis ter-plenipotentiary to the Persian court; and shortly before his fival return, received from the shah the order of the " Sun and Lion," and the titles of " Kahn" and " Sepandar of the Empire." In 1803 he had been appointed president of Mysore; and during the two following years his administrative talents had been of most important service to the government in reducing to order and tranquillity the newly conquered Mahratta states. In 1812 he returned to England, received the honor of knighthood, and, after a
lapse of five years, returned to India as the governor-general's political agent in the Deccan, and with the rank of brig.gen. in the Indian army; in the latter capacity he greatly distinguished himself in the wars against the Pindanis and Holkar. In 1827 he was appointed governor of Bombay, but finally left India in 1830. He died of paralysis at Windsor, May, 1833. 3IalcoIm's writings are highly esteemed as authorities; they are: A History of Persia (London, 1815, 2 vols. 4to; 2d ed. 1828); Afemoir of Central India (2 vols. London, 1823); Political History of India frenn 1784 to 1823 (2 vols. 8vo. 1826); and Life of Lord Clive (London, 1836), a posthumous work. The life and cor respondence of 3lalcohn were published by John W. Kaye, in 2 vols. 8vo (London, 1856).