MIEROSLAWSKI, LuDwix, 1814-78; b. France; son of a Polish officer in the service of France, his mother being French. He received his education at the military school in Kalisz, and when only 16 y-ears of age united himself with the Polish insur gents. This was at the beginning of the revolution of 1830, and Mieroslawski distin guished himself greatly, and was made an officer, serving through the campain-ns of 1831 and until the fall of Warsaw, when he settled in Paris. Here be devoted himself to historical and other writing, publishing a number of books in Polish and French, par ticularly a military history of the revolution in Poland. He became the central figure of the club of Polish refugees in Paris, and, in 1846, took the command of another rev olutionary movement, which failed, and resulted in his imprisonment and sentence to death. The outbreak of the general revolutionary movernent of 1848 on the continent saved hiin from this fate, and he repaired at once to Poland on being released from prison in March of that year, and fought in a number of well contested engagements, gaining a complete victory at 3Iiloslaw. But the insurgents were at length subdued,
and Mieroslawski resigned his command. In the following year he was in command of the revolutionary raovement in Sicily, and was wounded at Catania. He was next heard of in Baden fighting the Prussians, but here also he was unsuccessful, and after the capture of the fortress of Rastadt, in which he had taken refuge, he once more retired to Paris. The Polish insurrection of 1863 brought him again to the front, but only to be defeated in the battle of Raziejewo, after which he retired finally to France, and devoted the remainder of his life to political writing.