TURIN, a city of north Italy; capital of a province of the same name; at the confluence of the Dora Ripera with the Po, and between these two rivers. The city is essentially modern, the streets being broad and regular and many of them are lined with arcades, while there are numerous wide squares and gardens. The chief buildings are the cathedral, a renaissance building, completed in the beginning of the 16th century, and re markable for its marble facade; the royal palace, a plain brick building, which contains the king's private library, with valuable MSS., and the royal ar mory; the university, a fine edifice re cently constructed, in which there is a large library; the Palazzo dell' Acca demia delle Scienze, with a picture gal lery and museums of natural histories and antiquities; the Palazzo Carignano, used at one time by the Sardinian and Italian Parliaments when they met here (1848-1865), and now given up to a col lection of natural history; the Madama Palace, an old and interesting building, and several theaters.
The environs of the city are beautiful, and offer many objects of interest. Among the educational establishments, in addition to the university, which is attended by over 2,000 students, are an episcopal seminary, a royal military academy, a polytechnic school, and vari ous other colleges and schools.
The manufactures consist, besides the staple of silk, chiefly of woolens, cottons, linens, paper, iron mongery, earthen ware, and porcelain. Turin in recent years has become one of the chief manu facturing cities of Italy. Turin was an ciently the capital of a tribe called the Taurini, and under the Roman empire was called Augusta Taurinorum. It was long the capital of Savoy, then of the Sardinian kingdom, and from 1861 to 1865 of United Italy. Pop. about 450,000.