A griculture.—The acreage, produc tion, and value of the principal crops in 1919 were as follows: Corn, 671,000 acres, with a production of 11,206,000 bushels, valued at $15,913,000; oats, 249,000 acres, with a production of 6,524,000 bushels, valued at $5,872,000; wheat, 1,459,000 acres, with a production of 17,645,000 bushels, valued at $35,643, 000; hay, 1,065,000 acres, with a pro duction of 2,396,000 tons, valued at $44, 326,000; beans, 69,000 acres, with a pro duction of 448,000 bushels, valued at $1,568,000; potatoes, 92,000 acres, with a production of 11,004,000 bushels, valued at $18,768,000.
Manufactures.—There were in 1914 2,126 manufacturing establishments in the State, employing 27,228 wage earn ers. The capital invested was $181, 776,000; the amount paid in wages, $20, 200,000; the value of the materials used, $89,776,000; and the value of the finished products, $136,839,000.
B anking .—In 1919 there were 128 Na tional banks in operation, having $5,491, 000 capital, $7,981,596 in outstanding cir culation, and $7,885,250 in United States bonds. There were also 228 State and savings banks, with $5,063,000 in capital, $44,709,000 in deposits, and $55,231,000 in resources. In the year ending Sept. 30, 1919, the exchanges at the United, States clearing-house at Denver aggre gated $1,520,001,000.
Education.—There were in 1918 176, 523 pupils enrolled in the elementary schools. Of this 91,229 were boys and 85,294 were girls. In the secondary schools were enrolled 24,240 pupils. The total enrollment in all grades was 200, 763. The average daily attendance was 137,984. There were employed in the elementary schools, 6,167 teachers, of whom 5,944 were women and 223 men. In the secondary schools were 1,052 teachers, of whom 714 were women and 338 were men. There were in all 6,926
teachers in the elementary and second. ary schools of the State. The average annual salary of teachers in all schools was $749. The permanent school fund of the State amounted to $4,948,492. The total expenditures for the support of schools were $7,093,598.
Churches.—The strongest denomina tions numerically in the State are the Roman Catholic, Methodist Episcopal, Presbyterian, Baptist, Protestant Epis copal, Congregational, Lutheran, and Disciples of Christ.
Railway s .—The railway mileage of the State in 1919 was 5,542. The Denver and Rio Grande has a mileage of approx imately 2,600 miles of track.
State Government.—The governor is elected for a term of two years, and re ceives a salary of $5,000 per annum. Legislative sessions are held biennially. The Legislature has 35 members in the Senate (elected for four years and 65 in the House (elected for two years). There are four Representatives in Congress.
History.—The name Colorado comes from that of the river, meaning "red water." Explorations were made here by United States army officers in 1806, 1819, and 1842-1844, and several fur trading stations were established. In 1854 Conejos, in the Rio Grande Valley, was founded by colonists from New Mex ico, and a Jesuit mission established. Gold was discovered in 1858, and as a consequence of this, Denver, Boulder, and Auraria were speedily founded and made a county of the Territory of Kan sas. In 1861 Colorado, according to its present limits, was organized as a Ter ritory, and in 1876 was admitted into the Union, receiving the popular designa tion of the "Centennial State."