DOE, JOHN, and RICHARD ROE, am fictitious personages of the English law who formerly appeared in a suit of ejectment. This fictitious form of pro cedure was abolished in 1852. In the United States John Doe and Jane Doe are used in many parts of legal pro ceedings where the real names of of fenders cannot be ascertained, or where there are reasons for concealing them.
DOG, a digitigrade, carnivorous ani mal, forming the type of the genus Canis, which includes also the wolf, the jackal, and, as a sub-genus, the fox. The origin of the dog is a much debated question, some considering the breed derived from the wolf, an opinion which is based on resemblances of structure, the fact of the two animals breeding together and pro ducing fertile young, and the equality in the period of gestation. It is generally agreed that no trace of the dog is to be found in a primitive state, the dhole of India, and dingo of Australia being be Neved to be wild descendants from do mesticated ancestors. Several attempts to make a systematic classification of the varieties of dogs have been made, but without much success. Hamilton Smith divides dogs into six groups, as follows: (1) Wolf-dogs, including the Newfoundland, Eskimo, St. Bernard,
shepherd's dog, etc.; (2) Watch-dogs and cattle-dogs, including the German boar hound, the Danish dog, the matin dog, etc.; (3) Greyhounds, the lurcher, Irish hound, etc.; (4) Hounds, the bloodhound, staghound, foxhound, setter, pointer, spaniel, cocker, poodle, etc.: (5) Cur dogs, including the terrier and its allies; (6) Mastiffs, including the different kinds of mastiffs, bull-dog, pug-dog, etc. Dogs have in the upper jaw six incisors, two strong, curved canines, and six molars on each side, the first three, which are small and have cutting edges, being called false molars; in the lower jaw are six incisors, two canines, and on each side seven molars. The female has six to ten mammw; she goes with young nine weeks as a rule. The young are born blind, their eyes opening in 10 to 12 days; their growth ceases at two years of age. The dog commonly lives about 10 or 12 years. By English law it is prohibited to use dogs for purposes of draught.