CZOLGOSZ, LEON, an American as sassin; born about 1874, of Polish-Ger man ancestry; worked at various trades in the United States and became affiliated with anarchists through the teachings of EMMA GOLDMAN (q. v.). On Sept. 6, 1901, while President McKinley was hold ing a public reception at the Pan-Ameri can Exposition in Buffalo, N. Y., Czol gosz treacherously shot him twice. On Sept. 14, the President died; on Sept. 23 Czolgosz was brought to trial; on the 26th was sentenced to death, and was electro cuted in the prison of Auburn, N. Y., Oct. 29, 1901.
D, d, the fourth letter and the third consonant in the English alphabet. It represents a dental sound formed by placing the tip of the tongue against the roots of the upper teeth, and then pass ing up vocalized breath into the mouth. It is always sounded in English words. though frequently slurred over in rapid speech in such words as handkerchief. After a nonvocal or surd consonnant it takes a sharper sound, nearly approach ing that of t, especially in the past tenses and past participles of verbs in -ed.
D. As an initial is used: 1. In chronology, for Domini, genii.
sing. of Lat. Dorninus=Lord, as A. D. =Anno Domini=in the year of our Lord.
2. In music, as an abbreviation for Dis cantus, Dessus, Destro., etc. .
3. In university degrees, etc., for Doc tor, as M. D. = Doctor of Medicine; D. D. = Doctor of Divinity, etc.
D. As a symbol is used: 1. In numerals, for 500. Thus DC= 600; DL=550. When a dash or stroke is written over the letter its value is in creased tenfold. i. e., to 5,000.
2. In chemistry, for the element didym ium.
3. In music.
(1) For the first note of the Phrygian, afterward called the Dorian mode.
(2) For the second note of the normal scale of C, corresponding to the Italian re.
(3) For the major scale having two sharps and for the minor scale having one flat in its signature.
(4) For a string tuned to D, e. g., the third string of the violin, the second of the viola and violoncello.
(5) For a clef in old mensurable music, D. excellens.
(6.) D is used for doh in the tonic sol fa system.
4. In commerce, for English penny or pence, as £ s. d.=pounds, shillings, and pence.