ST. JOHN, a city, seaport, and capital of St. John co., province of New Bruns wick, Canada, on the St. John river, at its entrance into the Bay of Fundy, and on the Intercolonial, the New Brunswick Southern, and the Canadian Pacific rail roads, 481 miles E. of Montreal. It has an excellent harbor, protected by a break water 2,250 feet long. The tides here rise and fall from 25 to 35 feet every day. The city is built on rising ground, the elevated portion consisting wholly of solid rock, which in numerous places has been excavated to a considerable depth for new streets. Here are churches rep resenting all of the principal denomina tions, and excellent schools. The public buildings include the post office, custom house, Odd Fellows' and Masonic Halls, Free Public Library, Mechanics' Institute, Provincial Insane Asylum, City Hospital, Sailors' Home, Home for Aged Females, Reformatory for Boys, Wiggin's Orphan Asylum for Sons of Seamen, Protestant and Roman Catholic orphan asylums, and the Dominion Savings Bank. St. John
has large business interests. The prin cipal industries include the manufacture of carriages, paint, sashes and doors, lead pipe, engines and boilers, nuts and bolts, furniture, nails, rolled iron, cotton goods, and lumber. The foreign trade is also very extensive, as the city is the shipping point of a rich agricultural, tim ber, and mineral region. In 1604 the site of St. John was visited by M. de Monts, and in 1635 Charles de la Tour erected a fort here. In 1735 the place became a British possession by the treaty of Utrecht. In the same year it was colonized by American royalists, and two years later was chartered as a city. Pop about 61,500.