FEDERALIST, an appellation in the United States, given to those politicians who wanted to strengthen thefirdus, or general government compact, in opposi tion to others who wished to enfeeble it by extending the separate authority of the several states. lIamilton was a chief federalist, Jefferson a leading anti federalist.
FEE, a reward or recompense for pro fessional services ; as the fees of law yers, physichms, &c. Public offices have likewise their settled fees, for the several branches of business transacted in them. FEE-ESTATE, in law, properly signi fiCa an inheritable estate in land, held of some superior or lord ; and in this sense it is distinguished from allodium, which is the absolute property in land. It is the theory of tire English law that all the lands of the kingdom, except the royal domains, are held in fee, or by a tenure, of some superior lord, the absolute or al lodial property being only in the king, so that all the tenures are strictly feudal. The most ample estate a person can have is that of fee-simple ; and such an estate can be had only in property that is in heritable, and of a permanent nature. Pee-farm, a kind of tenure without hom age, fealty, or other service, except that mentioned in the feoliment ; which is usually the full rent. The nature of this tenure is, that if the rent is in arrear or unpaid for two years, then the feoffer and his heirs may have an action for the re covery of his lands.
Ell:EWING:one of the five external senses, by which see obtain the ideas of solid, hard, soft, rough, hot, cold, wet, dry, and other tangible qualities. This sense is the coarsest, but at the same time it is the surest of the five ; it is be sides the most universal. We see and hear with small portions of our body ; but we feel with all. Nature has be stowed that general sensation wherever there are nerves, and they are every where where there is life. 1Vere it other wise, the parts divested of it 'night be destroyed without our knowledge. All the nervous solids, while animated by their fluids, have this general sensation ; but the papilla in the skin, those of the fingers in particular, have it. in a more exquisite degree. Like every other sense, feeling is capable of the greatest improve ment; thus we see that persons, born without arms, acquire the nicest feeling in their toes; and, in blind people, this sense becomes to much developed, that Wividuals born blind, and acquiring the facLIty of sight in after life, for a long time depend rather on their feeling than on their sight, because they receive clear er ideas through the former sense.