IDPTIA, in antiquity, Lacedemo nian festivals, remarkable for the fru galify of the entertainment, and the char itable intention of the meetinc. They were hold in public places, and in the open air. Those who attended made con tributions of flour, wine, cheese, and figs. Rich and poor assisted alike at this feast, and were upon the some footing ; the de sign of the institution being, like that of the Roman Charistia, to reconcile differ ences, and to cultivate peace, friendship, and a good understanding among all the citizens, of every rank and degree.
l'IIIGA'LIAN MARBLES, (so called front having been discovered near the site of Phigalia, a town of Arcadia,) the name given to a series of sculptures in alto relievo, now deposited in the British Museum, where they form part of the collection known by the name of the El gin Marbles. They originally formed the fringe round the interior of the cella of the temple dedicated to Apollo the De liverer ; a title conferred on him by the Phigalians in gratitude for his having delivered them from a pestilence. They represent the combat of tbe Centaurs and the La pithm, anti that of the Greeks and Amazons. The similarity, both in design
and execution, which they bear to the decorations on the Parthenon leaves no doubt that they are the workmanship of the same master minds which designed, constructed, and adorned that splendid monument of the golden age of art. PI LI, ANT111t0' HMS M, rt name given ' in Germany to the system of education on natural principles, as it is termed, which was promoted by Basedow and his friends in the last century, and mainly founded on the notions of Locke and Rous seau. An institution for the purposes or education founded under the protection of the Duke of Dessau, in 1774, was the first so called " Philanthropin " It was dissolved in 1793; and of the similar in stitutions afterwards founded, only one, it is said, has continued to maintain it self. But the influence of the labors of the Philanthropinists has undoubtedly entered largely into the modern system of education.