JPRIS UTRITM, in law, a writ in behalf or a clergyman whose predeces sor has alienated the lands belonging to his ehnrch.
JCPrty, a certain number of men sworn to inquire into or to determine facts, and to declare the truth according to the evidence legally deduced, and they are sworn judges upon evidence in matters of fact. When the object is inquiry only, the tribunal is sometimes called an in quest or inquisition ; but when facts are to be determined by it for judicial pur poses, it is always termed a jury. Trial by jury, in popular language, signifies the determination of facts in the admin istration of civil or criminal justice by twelve men, sworn to deride facts truly according to the evidence produced be fore them. Grand juries are exclusively incident to courts of criminal jurisdiction ; their office is ut examine into charges of crimes brought to them, and if satisfied that they are trims. or at least that they deserve more particular examination, to return a bill of indictment against the accused, upon which he is afterward tried by a petty jury. A grand jury must, consist of twelve at the least, but in prac tice a greater number usually serve, and twelve must always concur in finding every indictment. Petty or common ju ries consist of twelve men only. They are appointed to try all eases both civil and criminal, and to give their verdict according to the evidence adduced.
JITS, (Latin,) in its general accepta tion, signifies that which is right or con formable to law.—Joe accrescendi, in law, the right of survivorship between two joint tenants.—Jus cm-ono, signifies,
in general, the rights of the crown. These arc a part of the laws of the kingdom, though they differ in many things from the general laws relating to the subject. duplicaturn, is a. double right, and is used when a person has the possession of a thing, as well as a right to it.—Joe dirinum, is that which is ordered by a revelation in contradistinction to that which is ordered by reason: but it is evi dent that the distinction exists only in the form, and not in the essence, because that which is ordered by our reason is to be referred to God, as its origin, equally with that which is decreed by revelation. —Jos gentium, the law of nations, or the laws established between different kingdoms and states, in relation to each other herectitatis, the right or law of inheritance,—Jus patronatus, in the canon law, is the right of presenting to a benefice; or a kind of commission grant ed by the bishop to inquire who is the rightful patron of a chureh.—Jus pos session is, is a right of scisin or possession, as jos proprietatis is the right of owner ship of lands, &c.—Jtes quiritiont. in an tiquity, the fullest enjoyment of Roman citizenship. This is also called Jos civile and Jos imaginis. the right of using pictures and statues, sim ilar to the modern right of bearing coats of arms, which was allowed to none but those whose ancestors or themselves had borne some curule office.