Professor Gurlt* has himself given, from a preparation in the Museum of the Berlin Veterinary School, the accompanying sketch of the malformed sexual organs of a five-year old free-martin, (fig. 294,) which presents to us an illustration of Mr. Ilunter's supposed mistake, at the same time that it affords a well-marked example of transverse hermaphroditism. The detail of the anatomical peculiarities of the case has been unfortunately omitted by the author, but from the shortexplanations appended to the drawing, it appears that the clitoris (a) and external pudenda (b) were perfectly feminine, and that the vagina, short and funnel shaped, terminated at its superior contracted extremity in two vasa deferentia (cc c), which were carried upwards in a duplicature of peri toneum (d d) resembling the broad ligament, until they joined the unrolled and lengthened epididymes (e e) of two small testicles (lf) placed in the position of the ovaries. Near the junction of the vagina and vasa deferentia bodies resembling the male vesiculse seminales g) and Cowper's glands (h h) were situated, and the urethral canal (i) opened into the vagina and was shorter than it usually is in the eow.
We have found upon a free-martin cow a state of the sexual apparatus very much re sembling that figured in the above case by Professor Gurlt. The two vasa deferentia, as they ran in the duplicature of the peritoneum, had very much the appearance and shape of an imperfectly developed uterus. The vesiculm seminales were large ; the vasa deferentia were quite impervious throughout their whole course; and the bodies placed at their abdominal ex tremities were large, but of so indeterminate a structure as not to enable us to pronounce them to be either true testicles or ovaries.
M. Geoffroy St. Hilaire published in 1834 a very distinct case of an hermaphroditic goat which had two male testicles and epididymes with a two-homed uterus and female external parts.* M. Isidore St. Hilairet mentions a nearly analogous case in the same animal, and quotes a third from Bomare which was ob served upon a deer.t To the present division of transverse herma phroditic malformation with external female and internal male organs, we may probably also refer the case of the hermaphrodite dog de tailed by Sir E. Home,* and three instances in the sheep described by Ruysch,t Herholdt,t and GurIt.§ In all these instances imperfectly developed testicles were situated either within the abdomen or without it upon the udder, at the same time that the external parts exhibited in a more or less marked degree the peculiarities of the female sex ; the vagina was, however, nar rower, and the clitoris more developed than in the perfectly formed female ; and in the dog mentioned by Rome, this latter organ was very large, being three quarters of an inch long, and half an inch broad, but still it could not pro perly be considered as an imperfect penis, since the bone, which forms the distinguishing mark of that organ in the dog, was wanting.
Few well-marked instances of transverse hermaphroditism with external female organs have been hitherto described as observed in the human subject, unless we regard as an approach to it the numerous cases, already referred to, of spurious hermaphroditic malformation in the male from hypospadic division of the urethra, scrotum, and perineum.
a. In his essay on hermaphroditism, how ever, Steghlehner II has detailed at great length the particulars of a case belonging to the present variety, which he met with on the body of a woman who died of plithisis at the age of twenty-three. The external sexual organs were all of the female type and in general well formed, though the clitoris and nymphs were perhaps smaller than natural, and the orificium vagina was rather contracted and half shut up by a hymen. The fossa navicularis was very distinct, and the vagina normally situated, but extremely short and narrow. Its internal sur face presented an appearance of transverse and longitudinal rugs, but its upper extremity formed a blind sac, and no traces could be found beyond it of the uterus, nor indeed any vestiges whatever of the other internal female organs, the ovaries and Fallopian tubes. On more minute examination a testicle with its spermatic cord was found in each inguinal region, placed outside the external ring, and surrounded with their cremaster muscles and vaginal coats. The testicles were flaccid and small, but their internal structure and that of their epididymcs was natural ; and the slender pervious vasa deferentia arising from them entered the abdomen, descended into the pelvis, and were joined behind the urinary bladder by two vesicula seminales of considerable size. Their common ejaculatory ducts opened into the vagina. The form of the thorax and pelvis, and of the body in general, was feminine; and the mamma and nipples were well developed, but the larynx was rather more protuberant than in females, and the voice approached in tone to that of a man. There had never been any menstrual discharge, but the periodical moli mina indicative of its appearance were said to have been observed regularly. There were some hamorrhoidal tumours situated around the anus.