LEMU RINM. PrOdiVija.
"The second large family of Quadrumana is formed by the Lemurince. They have the general aspect of the American monkeys, but their muzzle is lengthened and pointed, and in the hind feet the first toe is the only one armed with a crooked subulated nail, while the other nails are flat. The four thumbs are opposable ; the teeth differ very much in the different genera, but the molars offer in gene ral the pointed and alternating tubercles pro per to the Insectivora.
1. lirst Genus. Otolicnus Galago.
The teeth of Otolicnus are as follows, ;. incisors, 4 • canines 1-1 • molars, " ' The inferior incisors are very 6-6 narrow and compressed ; they resemble much the teeth of a fine comb, and are entirely united together. The tarsus is very long, by which the hinder extremities acquire a disproportionate size, and produce a Jump ing motion. Their tail is very bushy; their ears large and membranous ; their eyes very large, and announce their nocturnal habits. Africa.
Spec. —Otolicaus Senegalensis, O. Mada gascariensis.
2. Second Genus. Tarsius. Tarsier.
1-1 6-6Incisors, • canines • 2 '1-1 Has the remarkably long hind legs, the laraa ears and eyes of the preceding genus ; bsut the interval between their true molars and their incisors is filled up with short acumi nated teeth, of which it 45 di ffiCIllt to say. if they are canine or molar, and the superior middle incisors are very long, and resemble canine teeth. The muzzle is very short. They inhabit the Mollucca islands, and are noc-, turnal animals, feeding upon insects.
Spec.— Tarsiu,s spectrunz.
Third Genus. Stenops !LUGER. Loris. Singe paresseux, Fr. Spookdier, Dutch.
The teeth as in the Lenzurince in general, but the external incisors of the upper jaw are very often wanting. The first molar of the lower jaw on each side is so much acuminated and in curved that it resembles a canine. The muzzle is short and triangular ; the ears small ; large nyctalope eyes, close to each other ; no tail, or a short one, and a long narrow tongue. They feed upon insects. Their habits are nocturnal, and their movements very slow. They inhabit Eastern Asia.
Spec. — Stenops tardigradus, S. gradlis, javanicus.
To these ought to be added the Stenops potto BOSMAN, coming from the coast of Guinea. It has a short tail and a short index. In a skull of a young Stenops potto, from the Museum at Leyden (fig. 135), the distance between the two orbits is much larger than in Stenops javaniczes, tardigradus and gracilis.
It is the narrowest in Stenops gracilis, broader in Stenops javanicus, still broader in S. tardi gradus, and the broadest in S. potto. In S. polio the circular boundary for the orbits is not so distinct as in other species.
Fourth Genus. Lichanotus ILLIGER. Indri.
The same form of teeth, but they have only two incisors in the lower jaw. This genus has but one species (L. Indril. distinguished_ by the want of the tail. Madagascar. The dental formula is : Incisors, 1; canines, ; ; molars, .T-1°0=30.
Fifth Genus. Semnocebus LESSON. Avahi..
The Semnocebus approaches very much to Lichanotus, from which it differs by the exist ence of a tail, and by the form of its skull. In a skullof the ilvahi, Mns. Leyden (fig. 136), I observe a depression on the frontal surface, between the two orbits, which part is, on the contrary, convex in Lichanotus. The muzzle is nut so much protruded as in Lichanotus, and more flat on its anterior part, forined by the intermaxillary bones. The teeth are the same in both. Madagascar.
Spec.—Semnocebus laniger or Avezhi.
Sixth Genus. Cheirogaleus, Among the unpublished drawings of Com merson, Geoffroy St. Hilaire discovered re presentations of certain Lemur-Eke animals, which he considers as constituting a distinct genus. The characters were at first very in distinct ; but we are now acquainted with the external aspect, the skull, and the teeth of this genus. The dental formula is : incisors, 2-2 1-1 — ; canines, - molars, The 6 5-5 superior incisors are situated in two pairs, with a great interval between both. On each side of the upper jaw there is a large canine, with six molars, of which the two first have acuminated crowns, and seem to be spurious molars ; the four posterior are tuberculated. In the lower jaw there are six long and narrow proclive incisors, of which the two exterior are the strongest ; a vertical canine on each side ; a spurious molar with acuminated crown, and five true tuberculated molars. In the forna and the size of the skull, Cheiro galeus has some analogy with Lemur, parti cularly by a peculiar opening in the zygo matic bone. The muzzle however is not so prominent, and the interval between the orbits smaller. The form of the skull is in termediate between Lemur and Stenops.