Ahava
Ahava ; Sept. 'aovl, Ezra Viii. 21, 31, And Diet, Verse 15), The River By Which The Jewish Exiles Assembled Their Second Caravan Under Ezra, When Returning To Jerusalem. It Would Seem From Ch. Viii. 15, That It Was Desig Nated From A Town Of The Same Name : Assembled ...
Ahaziah
Ahaziah (; 1n.rits; And Rrtriza, Holder Of . " 7ehovah; Sept. 'oxolas), I. The Son And Successor Of Ahab, And Eighth King Of Israel. He Reigned Two Years, B. C. S97-896. It Seems That Jezebel Exercised Over Her Son The Same Influence Which Had Guided Her Husband ; And Ahaziah ...
Ahikam
Ahikam, One Of The Four Persons Of Distinction Whom Josiah Sent To Consult Huldah, The Prophetess (2 Kings Xxii. 12-14). Ahikam And His Family Are Honourably Distinguished For Their Protection Of The Prophet Jeremiah (jer. Xxvi. 24 ; Xxxix. 14). Ahildiaaz Brother Of Anger, I. E., Irascible; Sept. ' Axcgcias, ...
Ahimelech
Ahimelech Brother Of The King I. E., The Kings ; Sept. Apti.44xex; Cod. Alex. 'axqztxex), Son Of Ahitub, And Brother Of Ahiah, Who Was Most Probably His Predecessor In The High-priesthood [ahiah]. When David Fled From Saul, He Went To Nob, A City Of The Priests In Benjamin, Where The ...
Ahithophel
Ahithophel 6mi1+r1n, Brother Of Foolishness I.e., Foolish ; Sept. 'axerdcbex), The Very Singular Name Of A Man Who, In The Time Of David, Was Renowned Throughout All Israel For His Worldly Wisdom. He Is, In Fact, The Only Man Mentioned In The Scriptures As Having Acquired A Reputation Fnr Political ...
Ahuzzath
Ahuzzath A _possession), The `friend' Of Abimelech Ii., King Of Gerar, Who Attended Him On His Visit To Isaac (gen. Xxvi. 26). In Him Occurs The First Instance Of That Unofficial But Important Personage In Ancient Oriental Courts, Called The King's Friend,' Or Favourite. Several Interpreters, Following The Chaldee And ...
Ajal
Ajal ; Sept. Aacisos ; Hart, In Dent. Xii. 15; Ps. Xlii. I ; Is. Xxxv. 6), The Feminine Of Which Is Ajalah (n5'14 ; Sept. Arixexos ; Hind, In Gen. Xlix. 21 ; 2 Sam. Xxii. 34 ; Job Mix. I ; Ps. Xviii. 33 ; Ptov. V. 19; ...
Akilas
Akilas. [aquit.a..] Akko [(m, For Iipt;), A Clean Beast, Mentioned Deut. Xiv. 5. In The A. V. This Word Is Translated Wild Goat; The Sept., Which The Vulg. Follows, Gives Rpaygna0os, The Targums As Also The Syriac Version. That Some Species Of Goat Is In Tended Cannot Be Doubted. Gesenius ...
Akrabbim
Akrabbim (n+nhry 1-6vn, Scorpion Height; . _ Sept. 'avcigacrcs 'avcri3ip), An Ascent, Hill, Or Chain Of Hills, Which, From The Name, Would Appear To Have Been Much Infested By Scorpions And Serpents, As Some Districts In That Quarter Certainly Were (deut. Viii. 15 ; Comp. Volney, Ii. 256). It Was ...
Alabaster
Alabaster Raxd(3acrrpov). This Word Occurs In The New Testament Only In The Notice Of The `alabaster Box,' Or Rather Vessel, Of `ointment Of Spikenard, Very Precious,' Which A Woman Broke, And With Its Valuable Contents Anointed The Head Of Jesus, As He Sat At Supper In Bethany In The House ...
Alexander
Alexander Jannieus, B.c. I05-b. C. 7s. The Reign Of Alexander Jannmus There Are A Consi Derable Number Of Coins. Cavedoni (bibl. Num., Vol. Ii., P. 12) And Levy (yid. P. 57) Attribute To Him All The Coins Which De Saulcy (num. Yud., P. 85) Has Given To Jonathan Mac. Cabmus. ...
Alexander Ales Or Alesius
Ales Or Alesius, Alexander, A Scot Tish Divine, Whose Proper Name Was Probably Hales.* He Was Born At Edinburgh, April 23, 150o ; Was Educated At The University Of St. Andrews ; And Ultimately Became One Of The Canons Of The Priory Or Cathedral Church In That City. Having Imbibed ...
Alexander Balas
Alexander Balas [perhaps From T63.)2, Lord], A Personage Who Figures In The History Of The Maccabees And In Josephus. His Extraction Is Doubtful; But He Professed To Be The Natural Son Of Antiochus Epiphanes, And In That Capacity, Out Of Opposition To Demetrius Soter, He Was Recognised As King Of ...
Alexander Cruden
Cruden, Alexander, The Second Son Of Thos. W. Cruden, One Of The Baillies Of Aberdeen, Was Born In 1701. At The Age Of Fifteen He Went To Marischa] College, And Four Years Afterwards Took His Degree. A Disappointment In Love, At Tended By Some Peculiarly Painful Circumstances, Shortly Afterwards Affected ...
Alexander Geddes
Geddes, Alexander, Was Born In The Parish Of Ruthven, Banffshire, Scotland, 1737. He Was First Educated In A Private Family At Aberdeen, And Next At The Roman Catholic Seminary Of Scalan. At The Scotch College At Paris He Studied Six Years (1758-1764) ; And Returning To His Native Land Be ...
Alexander The Great
Alexander The Great. This Mighty King Is Named In The Opening Of The First Book Of Maccabees, And Is Alluded To In The Prophecies Of Daniel. These, However, Are Not The Principal Reasons For Giving His Name A Place In This Work : He Is Chiefly Entitled To Notice Here ...
Alexandria
Alexandria ('axeecivapeca, 3 Macc. Iii. 1), The Chief Maritime City, And Long The Metropolis Of Lower Egypt. As This City Owed Its Foundation To Alexander The Great, The Old Testament Canon Had Closed Before It Existed ; Nor Is It Often Men Tioned In The Apocrypha, Or In The New ...
Allegory
Allegory ('ax7trryopla). This Word Is Found In The Authorized Version Of Gal. Iv. 24, But It Does Not Actually Exist As A Noun In The Greek Testament, Nor Even In The Septuagint. In The Passage In Question Saint Paul Cites The History Of The Free-born Isaac And The Slave-born Ishmael, ...
Alliances
Alliances. From A Dread Lest The Example Of Foreign Nations Should Draw The Israelites Into The Worship Of Idols, They Were Made A Peculiar And Separate People, And Intercourse And Alliance With Such Nations Were Strongly Interdicted (lev. Xviii. 3, 4; Xx. 22, 23). The Tendency To Idolatry ' Was ...
Allon O
Allon O ; Sept. Btaapos ; Vulg. Quercus; Auth. Vers. Oak). The Hebrew Word, Thus Pointed, As It Occurs In Gen. Xxxv. 8 ; Josh. Xxiv. 26 ; Is. Ii. 13 ; Vi. 13 ; Xliv. 14 ; Hos. Iv. 13 ; Amos Ii. 9 ; Zech. Xi. 2, Was ...
Alms
Alms, What Is Given Spontaneously To The Poor For Their Relief. This Word Is A Contraction From The Saxon Aelmesse, Which Is Generally Believed Tc Be The Greek &ken/loath/ Derived To The Teutonic From The Hints Of Travellers There Appear To Be Some Other Species Of Oaks In Palestine, But ...
Alphabet
Alphabet. The Origin Of Alphabetical Writing Belongs To A Period Long Antecedent To The Date Of Any Historical Testimonies, Or Ancient Monu Ments, Which Have Come Down To Us. This Want Of Documentary Evidence, However, Has Left A Wider Field For Conjecture ; And A Mistaken And Sometimes Disingenuous Zeal ...
Alphabetical Sounds
Alphabetical Sounds. In Connection With The Subject Of The Hebrew And Greek Alphabets, We May Be Allowed To Enter On Some Considerations Which Are Seldom Duly Developed In The Grammars Of Either Language; And Which Will Besides Throw Some Light On The Greek Spelling Of Hebrew Names. Let Us First ...
Alsheich
Alsheich, Also Called Alshech, Moses, Son Of R. Chayim, Was Born In Safet, Upper Galilee, About 1520. He Was The Pupil Of The Famous Joseph Coro, And Became One Of The Most Distin Guished Commentators And Popular Jewish Preachers Of The Sixteenth Century. He Was Chosen Chief Rabbi In His ...
Altar At Athens
Altar At Athens. St. Paul, In His Address Before The Judges Of The Areopagus At Athens, De Clares That He Perceived That The Athenians Were In All Things Too Superstitious,* For That, As He Was Passing By And Beholding Their Devotions, He Found An Altar, Inscribed, To Tiie Unknown God ...
Alukah
Alukah ; Sept. 138euct ; Vulg. San Guiruga ; A. V. ' Horse-leech') Occurs Only In Prov. Xxx. 15 (genus, Vennes ; Order, Intestinata, Linn. Viviparous, Brings Forth Only One Offspring At A Time ; Many Species). 'the Horse-leech' Is Properly A Species Of Leech Discarded For Medical Purposes On ...
Amalekites
Amalekites, The Name Of A Nation Inhabit. Ing The Country To The South Of Palestine Between Idumma And Egypt, And To The East Of The Dead Sea And Mount Seir. ' The Amalekites Dwell In The Land Of The South' (man Rtc, Num. Xiii. 29). ' Saul Smote The Amalekites ...
Amariah Or
Amariah Or [whom Said, I. E., Promised, Comp. 0€60pao-ros, Ges. ; Jle Hovah's Allotment, Furst]; Sept. ' Abeapia, 'aisapias). A Person Mentioned In 1 Chron. Vi. 7; Ezr. Vii. 3, In The List Of The Descendants Of Aaron By His Eldes, Son Eleazer. He Was The Son Of Meraioth And ...
Amaziah
Amaziah Strength Of .7ehovah ; Sept. 'a/.4ecratar ; Vulg. Ap.aolar, Anzasias), Son Of Joash, And Eighth King Of Judah. He Was 25 Years Old When He Began To Reign, And He Reigned 29 Years—from B.c. 838 To B.c. 809. He Com Menced His Sovereignty By Punishing The Murderers Of His ...
Ambassador
Ambassador. The Relations Of The Hebrews With Foreign Nations Were Too Limited To Afford Much Occasion For The Services Of Ambassadors. Still, The Long Course Of Their History Affords Some Examples Of The Employment Of Such Functionaries, Which Enable Us To Discover The Position Which They Were Considered To Occupy. ...
Ambuscade
Ambuscade And Ambush, In Military Phraseology, Are Terms Used Promiscuously, Though It Is Understood That The First More Properly Applies To The Act, And The Second To The Locality, Of A Stratagem Which Consists Mainly In The Conceal Ment Of An Army, Or Of A Detachment, Where The Enemy, If ...
Aminadab
Aminadab [more Correctly Amminadab] (n7nt:1), Famidus Princifis ; Sept. 'apuvad13). 1. One Of The Ancestors Of David And Of Christ (matt. 4)- He Was The Son Of Aram, And The Father Of Naasson, And Of Elisheba, Who Became The Wife Of Aaron (exod. Vi. 23). [2. A Person Summoned By ...
Ammonites
Ammonites (pl, B7jny ; Sept. Viol ' Auktuv7rae), The Descendants Of The Younger Son Of Lot (gen. Xix. 38). They Originally Occu Pied A Tract Of Country East Of The Amorites, And Separated From The Moabites By The River Arnon. It Was Previously In The Possession Of A Gigantic Race ...
Amomum
Amomum (dime/sop). This Word Occurs Only In Rev. Xviii. 13, Where It Is Omitted In The Received Text, And Consequently Does Not Appear In The A. V. The Ancients Seem To Have Applied The Term Di.tw,uop To Every Odour Which Was Pure And Sweet (salmasius Ad Solin. P. 234); But ...
Amorites
Amorites Sept. 'apeakaioc, The Descendants Of One Of The Sons Of Canaan : Sept. ?bee 'apegaiew ; Auth. Vers. The Emorite), The Most Powerful And Distinguished Of The Itish Nations. We Find Them First Noticed In Gen. Xiv. The Amorites That Dwelt In Hazezon Tamar,' Inn Rsvn, The Cutting Of ...
Amulet
Amulet (probably From The Arabic A Pendant ; Is. Iii. 20, Talm. From The Earliest Ages The Orientals Have Believed In The Influences Of The Stars, In Spells, Witchcraft, And The Malign Power Of The Evil Eye ; And To Pro Tect Themselves Against The Maladies And Other Evils Which ...
Anakah
Anakah Sept. Vulg, Mizs Araneus). In The A. V. This Is Translated Ferret (lev. Xi. 3o); An Error Into Which The Translators Were Betrayed By The Vulgate And The Lxx. The Word Is Derived From Pm, To Shriek Or Utter A Sharp Shrill Cry ; And Is Referred By Bochart ...
Anammelech
Anamme'lech (t119)3/, 2 Kings Xvii. 31) Is Mentioned, Together With Adrammelech, As A God Of The People Of Sepharvaim, Who Colonized Samaria. He Was Also Worshipped By The Sacrifice Of Children By Fire. No Satisfactory Etymology Of The Name Has Been Discovered. Hyde (rel. Vet. Persar. P. 128) Considers The ...
Ananias
Ananias (' Avaviar; Heb. ;14:.n7 Or I. Son Of Nebeckeus, Was Made High-priest In The Time Of The Procurator Tiberius Alexander, About A.d. 47, By Herod, King Of Chalcis, Who For This Purpose Removed Joseph, Son Of From The High-priesthood (joseph. Antiq. Xx. 5, 2). He Held The Office Also ...
Anapha
Anapha (rit"; Sept. Xapapt6s; Vulg. =a Dryon And Caradrium ; Eng. Vers. Heron, Lev. Xi. 19, And Dent. Xiv. Is), An Unclean Bird, But The Particular Bird Denoted By The Hebrew Word Has Been Much Disputed. The Kite, Woodcock, Cur Lew, Peacock, Parrot, Crane, Lapwing, And Several Others Have Been ...
Anathema
Anathema (iivci.ofe.za), Literally Anything Laid Up Or Suspended (from Civariemuc, To Lay Up), And Hence Anything Laid Up In A Temple, Set Apart As Sacred. In This General Sense The Form Employed Is Avoienya, A Word Of Not Unfrequent Occurrence In Greek Classic Authors, And Found Once In The N. ...
Anathoth
Anathoth Sept. 'apa0f.60), One Of The Towns Belonging To The Priests In The Tribe Of Benjamin, And As Such A City Of Refuge (josh. Xxi. 18; Jer. I. R). It Occurs Also In 2 Sam. Xxiii. 27; Ezra Ii. 23 ; Neh. Vii. 27 ; But Is Chiefly Memorable * ...
Andreas De Monte
Monte, Andreas De Orinn Is The Christian Name Of The Distinguished Chief Rabbi In The Synagogue Of Rome, Who, Before His Conversion To Christianity, Was Called R. Youysh Tzarphathi Ha-alaphasi (+pthto Tot '"). He Was Born In The Early Part Of The 16th Tury At Fez, In Africa (hence His ...
Andrew
Andrew (' Araplas), One Of The Twelve Apostles. His Name Is Of Greek Origin, But Was In Use Amongst The Jews, As Appears From A Passage Quoted From The Jerusalem Talmud By Lightfoot (harmony, Luke V. So). He Was A Native Of The City Of Bethsaida In Galilee, And Brother ...
Andrew Fuller
Fuller, Andrew, Was Born At Wicken, Near Ely, Cambridgeshire, Feb. 6, 1754. He Became Pastor Of The Baptist Church At Soham, In 1775, And Removed To Kettering, In Northamptonshire, In 1782. He Was One Of The Founders Of The Baptist Missionary Society, And Acted As Its Secre Tary From Its ...
Andrew Gerhard Hyperius
Hyperius, Andrew Gerhard ; The Name Hyperius, Taken From His Birth-place Yperu, Was Used In His Published Writings In Preference To That Of His Family. He Was Born May 16, 1511. In 1528 He Commenced His Studies In That City Under Joachim Ringelberg, An Eminent Teacher, Whose Favourite Maxim Was, ...
Anethon
Anethon (eunloop) Occurs In Matt. Xxiii. 23, Where It Is Rendered Anise, 'woe Unto You—for Ye Pay Tithe Of Mint And Anise And Cummin.' By The Greek And Roman Writers It Was Employed To Designate A Plant Used Both Medicinally And As An Article Of Diet. The Arabian Translators Of ...
Angelo Mai
Mai, Angelo, Cardinal, And One Of The Most Famous Scholars Of The Romish Church In The Pre Sent Age, Was Born At Shilpario, In The Province Of Bergamo, 7th March 1782. He Entered The Order Of Jesuits In 1799 ; And In 1804. He Became Classi Cal Teacher In The ...
Angels
Angels ("arrexot, Used In The Sept. And New Test. For The Hebrew N+dt•bn ; Sing. A Word Signifying Both In Hebrew And Greek Men Sengei; And Therefore Used To Denote Whatever God Employs To Execute His Purposes, Or To Manifest His Presence Or His Power. In Some Passages It Occurs ...
Anglo Saxon Versions
Anglo-saxon Versions. No Transla Tion Of The Entire Bible Was Made Into The Language Of The Anglo-saxons. At An Early Period, How Ever, Glosses, Or Interlineary Translations Of The Vulgate Into The Vernacular Tongue Of Our Ancestors, Began To Be Made By The Monks. Some Of These Are Still Extant. ...
Anklets
Anklets. This Word Does Not Occur In Scripture, But The Ornament Which It Denotes Is Clearly Indicated By 'the Tinkling (or Jingling) Ornaments About The Feet,' Mentioned In The Curious Description Of Female Attire Which We Find In Is. Iii. Even In The Absence Of Special Notice, We Might Very ...
Annunciation
Annunciation. This Word, Like Many Others, Has Obtained A Particular Signification In Theological Writings. As A General Term, It Ex Presses The Communication Of Important Intelligence By Chosen Messengers Of Heaven ; But It Became, At An Early Period Of Christianity, Restricted To The Announcement Of The Blessed Virgin's Miraculous ...
Anointing
Anointing. The Practice Of Anointing With Perfumed Oils Or Ointments Appears To Have Been Very Common Among The Hebrews, As It Was Among The Ancient Egyptians. The Practice, As To Its Essential Meaning, Still Remains In The East ; But Perfumed Waters Are Now Far More Commonly Em Ployed Than ...
Antediluvians
Antediluvians, The Name Given Collect Ively To The People Who Lived Before The Deluge. The Interval From The Creation To That Event Is Not Less, Even According To The Hebrew Text, Than 1657 Years, Being Not More Than 691 Years Shorter Than That Between The Deluge And The Birth Of ...
Antelope
Antelope. Although This Word Does Not Occur In Our Version Of The Scriptures, Yet There Can Be No Doubt That In The Hebrew Text Several Rumi Nants To Which It Is Applicable Are Indicated Under Different Denominations. In Scientific Nomenclature, The Term Antelope, At First Applied To A Single Species, ...
Anthropomorphism
Anthropomorphism, A Term In Theology Used To Denote That Figure Whereby Words Derived From Human Objects Are Employed To Express Some Thing Which Relates To The Deity. As A Finite Being Can Have No Intuitive Knowledge Of An In Finite, So No Language Of Rational Creatures Can Fully Express The ...
Anti Lebanon
Anti-lebanon. —the Centre And Culminating Point Of Anti-lebanon Is Hernion. From It A Number Of Ranges Radiate, Like The Ribs Of A Half Open Fan. The First And Loftiest Runs North-east, Parallel To Lebanon, And Separated From It By The Valley Of Ccele-syria, Whose Average Breadth Is About Six Miles. ...
Antichrist
Antichrist (avrixpto.ros). This Term Occurs Only In The First And Second Epistles Of John (i Ep. Ii. 18, 22 ; Iv. 3 ; 2 Ep. 7). In One Instance The Plural Is Used, Dprixptcrrot (i Ep. Ii. 18). We Have To Inquire— I. Into The Meaning Of The Term. The ...
Antilegomena
Antilegomena (durzxe-y6kteva, Contradicted Or Disputed), An Epithet Applied By The Early Christian Writers To Denote Those Books Of The New Testament Which, Although Known To All The Ecclesiastical Writers, And Sometimes Publicly Read In The Churches, Were Not For A Considerable Time Admitted To Be Genuine, Or Received Into The ...
Antioch
Antioch ('avr:6xeca). Two Places Of This Name Are Mentioned In The New Testament. I. A City On The Banks Of The Orontes, 30o Miles North Of Jerusalem, And About 3o From The Mediterranean. It Was Situated In The Province Of Seleucis, Called Tetrapolis (terpd7ronts), From Containing The Four Cities, Antioch, ...
Antiochus
Antiochus. Of The Many Kings Who Bore This Name, Antiochus, Called Epiphanes, Has The Chief Claim On Our Attention In A Biblical Cyclo Pmdia, Since In The Books Of Maccabees And In The Prophecies Of Daniel His Person Is So Prominent. Nevertheless, It Will Be Our Business To Set Forth, ...
Antipatris
Antipatris Avrtrarpis), A City Built By Herod The Great, On The Site Of A Former Place Called Caphar-saba (xapapra(ei Or Kai6apo-apa, Joseph. Antiq. Xiii. 15, I). The Spot Was Well Watered, And Fertile; A Stream Flowed Round The City, And In Its Neighbourhood Were Groves Of Large Trees (antiq. Xvi. ...
Anuel
Anuel ; Sept. 'ektjuavoira), Oc Curring In Forty-three Niss., And Thirty-nine Printed Editions. As Dr. Henderson Informs Us, As Two Words, Ntu, Is Literally Translated God With Us.' As, However, The Precise Character And Significancy Of The Name Is Closely Bound Up With The Interpretation Of The Principal Passage In ...
Apocrypha
Apocrypha (ivrotcpucpa, Sc. Pipnia, Hidden, Secreted, Mysterious), A Term In Theology, Applied In Various Senses To Denote Certain Books Claiming A Sacred Character. The Word Occurs Mark Iv. 22 : `there Is Nothing Hid, Which Shall Not Be Manifested, Neither Was Anything Kept Secret (al-614)1)0ov), But That It Should Come ...
Apocryphal Additions To Esther
Esther, Apocryphal Additions To. Be Sides The Many Minor Deviations From The Hebrew, There Are Six Important Additions In The Septuagint And The Other Ancient Versions Of The Book Of Esther. I. Title And Position.—in The Septuagint And The Old Latin, These Additions Are Dispersed Through The Canonical Book, Forming ...
And Hermeneutics Interpretation Biblical
Interpretation (biblical), And Hermeneutics. There Is A Very Ancient And Wide-spread Belief That The Knowledge Of Divine Things In General, And Of The Divine Will In Parti Cular, Is By No Means A Common Property Of The Whole Human Race, But Only A Prerogative Of A Few Specially-gifted And Privileged ...
And Holy Spirit Spirit
Spirit, And Holy Spirit. The Word For 'spirit' In The Hebrew Is Rm; In The Greek, Irvei,t4a; And In The German, Geist. It Is One Of The Most Generic Terms In Either The English, Iiebrew, Or Greek Language. A Somewhat Extended Reference To The Usus Layuendi, Both Of The O. ...