COAL. The Hebrew words most frequently and properly translated coal are two, 1:g or and nmn. Though the Hebrews seem to have frequently used the word in the samegeneric sense as we do when we say a ton of coals, meaning coals not yet burnt, a pan of coals, meaning coals on fire, and as the Greeks, though not so loosely, apply bOpaKta, and the Romans carbo, yet when precision required it, the Hebrews, as well as ourselves and the Greeks and Romans, knew how to express the dif ference in the case of ignited coals, which they most commonly do by the addition of NV, a distinction preserved in the Septuagint by the word 7rtip (though the Septuagint often introduces this word when the sense of the single Hebrew word seems to require it, and generally with great correctness) ; and which distinction is also generally preserved in the Vulgate by the use of the appropriate word pruna :—Sere. ad /En. xi. 788: Docet hoc esse discrimcn inter prunam et carbonem, quod, ilia accensa sit, hic ver6 extinctus. Sed etiam dum
ardet carbo dicitur ' (Facciolati). The following classification is offered, comprehending all the in stances in which or occurs :—First, in its generic and indefinite application, that is, mean ing coal whether ignited or not ; 2 Sam. xiv. 7, They shall quench my coal which is left ;' Sept. beparca ; Vulg. scintillam ; evidently ignited, used tropically for posterity, like, 'P3 1 Kings xv. 4, and several other passages ; Job xli. 13 [A. V. His breath kindleth coals,' eivOpaKer, prunas, i. e., coals not before ignited : Is. xlvii. 14, Not a coal to warm at,' but here the word tnnr6 decides the ignition, livOpaiws rupbs, prunx : Ps. xviii. S, Coals were kindled at it,' aveparces, carbones succensi sunt : Ps. cxx. 4, With coals of juniper,' Sept. F/v TOIS