DALMATIA (AaNuaria). It appears that during Paul's second imprisonment at Rome several of his old friends and companions left him. Among these was Titus, who, the apostle states in his letter to Timothy, went into Dalmatia (2 Tim. iv. to). The object he had in view in going there is not stated ; nor do we know what he did, or how long he remained.
The strip of land along the deeply-indented eastern shore of the Adriatic was inhabited in ancient times by a number of warlike tribes, among which the Dalmatec were the chief. The whole region constituted the kingdom of Illyricum. It was divided into two provinces ; that on the north was called Liburnia, and that on the south Dalmatia. The latter extended along the coast from the river Titius to the borders of Macedonia (Pliny, 'fist. Nat. iii. 26). About the year B.C. 180 the Dalmatm revolted against the last of Illy rian monarchs, declared themselves free, and made Delminium their capital. A few years afterwards
they were attacked by the aggressive power of Rome ; and after a long and fierce struggle were at length subdued by the Emperor Tiberius. In the age of the apostles Dalmatia and Liburnia were again united, and formed a province of the empire, which was usually called Illyricum, al though the name Dalmatia was also sometimes applied to it. We learn from Rom. xv. 19, that Paul had preached the gospel in Illyricum ; and probably that fact may account for Titus' journey to Dalmatia. He may have gone to repress rising error, or advance truth. Paul may even have sent him thither, though the passage in 2 Tim. iv. to will scarcely admit of that supposition (Tacitus, Ann. ii. 53 ; Conybeare and Howson, Life of St. Paul, ii. 127, sq.)—J. L. P.