Over the gown is worn either the short-sleeved gibbeh (fig. 3), which is a long coat of woollen cloth ; or the long-sleeved benish (fig. 2), which is also of woollen cloth, and may he worn either over or instead of the other. The benish is, by reason of its long sleeves (with which the hands may be covered), the robe of ceremony, and is worn in the presence of superiors and persons of rank. Over one or both of these robes may be worn the abba, bournoos, or hyke, in any of the modes already indicated. Aged persons often wrap up the head and shoulders with the latter, in the manner shewn in fig. 4.
This same hyke or wrapper is usually taken by persons going on a journey, for the purpose of being used in the same manner as a protection from the sun or wind. This is shewn in the an nexed cut, representing a group of persons equipped for travel. The robe is here more succinct and compact, and the firm manner in which the whole dress is girded up about the loins calls to mind the passages of Scripture in which the action of gird ing up the loins' for a journey is mentioned.
From this it is also seen that travellers usually wear a sword, and the manner in which it is worn is correctly shewn. It would also appear that the Jews had swords for such occasional uses (Matt.
xxvi. 5 i ; Luke xxii. 36).
each shoulder, and cross behind, where they are tied in a knot. This custom is particularly affected by servants and workmen, who have constant occa sion for baring the arm ; but others, whose occa sions are more incidental, and who are, therefore, unprovided with the necessary cords, draw up the sleeves and tie them together behind between the shoulders (fig. 2).
For the dress of females we must refer to the article \VOMEN. Certain parts of dress, also, admit of separate consideration, such as the head dress [TURBAN], and the dress of the feet [SAN DALS].—J. K.
The necessity of baring the arm for any kind of exertion must be evident from the manner in which it is encumbered in all the dresses we have pro duced. This action is often mentioned in Scrip ture, which alone proves that the arm was in ordi nary circumstances similarly encumbered by the Tress. For ordinary purposes a hasty tucking up of the sleeve of the right arm suffices ; but for a continued action special contrivances are necessary. These are curious, as will be seen by the cut (No. 225). The full sleeves of the shirt are sometimes drawn up by means of cords, which pass round