JOACIM (LXX. 'IceaKtiu). r. (Vulg. Yoachn) Jehoiakim (1 Esd. 37, 38, 39). 2. (Vulg.
yoachin) Jehoiachin (i Esd. 43). 3. (Vulg.
yoacim), son of Zerubabel Esd. v. 5). This passage, however, is apparently cornipt. The leaders of the fit st caravan of the Jews who returned from Babylon were, as is well known, Zerubabel and the hig,h-priest Jeshua, but here Jeshua and Joacim only are mentioned. Moreover, no name at all resembling this occurs amongst the sons of Zerubabel (1 Chron. 19). Hence some have suggested that the words Joacirn the son of,' are an interpolation. Others identify this Joacim with Joiakim the son of Jeshua (Neh. xii. ro, 12), and propose to correct the text into Joacim his son, and. 4. (Vulg. .Eliakini, Yoacim.) The high priest who is introduced into the story of Judith Odd. iv. 6, 8, 14 ; xv. 8), but whether he is to be regarded as a historical character, or as an in vention of the writer of the tale, we have no means of determining. 5. (Vulg. yoakim.) A wealthy Jew of Babylon the husband of Susannah (Sus. i. 4, 6, 28, 29, 63;.—S. N.
JOAH (rit$'14, Ygiovah is a brother, e., a con federate of Jehovah), a name of frequent occurrence in the later times of the monarchy among the Levites.
t. 2 Kings xviii. 18, 26, 37, 'hoar ; Alex. 'Icooa Oar ; ver. 37, 'hods ; Is. xxxvi. 3, II, 22, 'II4dX ; Joseph. 'Ic6axos ; Yoahe. Joah, the son of Asaph the recorder,' is mentioned as one of the three officers of state sent out by Hezekiah to receive the message of Sennacherib by his general Rabshakeh. He was historiographer, or keeper of the records ; LXX., in Kings, dvatieps,7)criccov, in Isaiah, O brobanhuarcrypcicbos ; Vulg. a commentarils, cf. 2 Sam. viii. 16 ; Kings iv. 3), to Hezekiah, whose business it was to keep the contri Inn (1 Chron. xxvii. 24), or chronicles,' in which 'were recorded the chief events of each year of the reign (cf. Esth. vi. l).
2. 'IWO ; Alex. ; Yeah ; appears in the genealog-y of the Gershonite branch of the house of Levi (r Chron. vi. 21). If we compare the same genealogy as given vers. 42, 43, Ethan ap
pears to be substituted for him (see Vatablus, in Loc.), but it is probable that neither catalogue is complete, and that each contains some names that do not appear in the other.
3. 'Iced° ; yoaha ; the third of the eight sons given to Obededom (t Chron. xxvi. 4), in whose house the ark had temporarily halted after the death of Uzzah, as an evidence of the Divine favour, ' for God blessed him,' ver. 5 (cf. 2 Sam. vi. t), all mighty men of valour," able men for strength in the service,' vers. 6, 8. They belonged to the Korhite band of the Levites, and to them and the rest of this family, sixty-two in all, was assigned the keeping of the south gate of the Temple, four a day, and the house of Asuppim,' ver. 15, which, though the Vulgate translate it a'omus seniorlint concilium,' was probably a storehouse in the outer precincts of the Temple.
4. 'liekciS ; Alex. 'Lod ; Yoah. One of the Gershonite branch of the Levites, the son of Ziln malt, and father of Eden (2 Chron. xxix. 12). The LXX., however, read 'ItoSaab TOO Zettp.00 Kat obrot viol 'Iwaxcl, the latter clause in the Alex. standing thus, Kca 'IcoUtv 6 roil Joah and Zimmah, it may be remarked, occur as father and son in the same family (1 Chron. vi. zo, 20, No. 2. Bertheau, Chronik,p. 388, is of opinion that Joah ben Zimmah' stands for the particular Levite family-, indicating its head for the fime being. He is mentioned as taking a leading part in the reli gious reform set on foot by Hezekiah, by purifying the Temple from the pollutions of Ahaz.
5. uoydx; Alex. 'hods ; Joseph. 'Iceefrns- ; Yoko. Joah the son of Joahaz, the recorder,' i. e., keeper of the records to King Josiah (see 1), joined with Shaphan the scribe (the recurrence of the name probably indicating the continuance of the office in the same family) and Maaseiah the governor of Jerusalem (2 Chron. xxxiv. 8). The three were appointed by Josiah as commissioners to superin tend the repairs of the Temple.—E. V.