KIMCHI, MosEs B. JOSEPH, also called Remak, from the initial letters pti-----+r-cp ntvo -1, R. !Vases Kimchi, the eldest son of the preceding writer, flourished about 116o- 7o. 'Though far below his father and brother, yet he has also distin guished himself as a commentator and grammarian. He wrote—(r.) A Commentary on Proverbs (terra 4t1.)* -Ina), printed in the Rabbinic Bibles of Jacob b. Chajim, Venice 1526, 1548 ; Buxtorf, Base] 1619 ; and Frankfurter, Amsterdam 1724-27; which has been falsely ascribed to Ibn Ezra. Comp. Reifmann in Literaturblatt des Orients, 1841, 750 75 t; Zion, vol. i., Frankfort-on-the-Nlaine 1841, p.
76 ; Lippmann, in Zion, vol. ii., Frankfort-on-the Maine 1842, p. 113-117 ; 129-133 ; 155-157 ; 17' 174 ; 185-188. (2.) A Commentary on Ezra and :Nehemiah, also printed in the Rabbinical Bibles, and erroneously attributed to Ibn Ezra. (3.) A grammatical work, entitled Twin .s.,zt,'P yourney on the Paths of Know/4m, which became a manual for both Jews and Christians who were anxious to acquire the rudiments of Hebrew gram mar, through the recommendation of Elias Levita, who annotated and edited it in 1508. It was after wards published, with a Latin translation, by Seb. Munster, Base] 1531, and was published at diffe rent times in various places, with diverse additions and modifications. The chief merit of this little volume consists in thc fact, that M. Kimchi was the first to employ therein the word lpn as a para digm of the regular verbs, instead of the less ap propriate verb medire retturalis which had been used by his predecessors in imitation of Arabic grammarians. (4.) A grammatical treatise on the anomalous expressions entitled rinnrin quoted by D. Kimchi in the Michlol. Comp. Bie senthal and Lebrecht's edition of D. Kimchi s Ra dicum Liber, Berlin 1847, col. xxxviii., seq. ; Fiirst, Bibliotheca ii. 187, seg. ; Steinschneider, Catalorrs Libr. Ilebr. in Bibliotheca Bodleiana, col. 1838-1844; by the same author, Bibliographisehet Handbuch, Leipzig 1859, p. 74, ff. ; and the excel
lent treatise of Geiger, Ozar Nechmad, vol. ii., Vienna 1857, p. 17, ff.—C. D. G.
KIMMOSH G.,•;inp) occurs Is. xxxiv. 13, Hos. ix. 6 ; and in the pl. rnivitzp, Prov. xxiv. 31, • .
where it is mentioned along with eharul, which we believe to indicate charlock. The field of the slothful is there described as being grown over with thorns (eharullim), and nettles (kinashon) had covered the face thereof.' In Isaiah it is said, ' And thorns (choach) shall come up in thc palaces, nettles (kinzosh) and brambles in the fortresses thereof.' Hos. ix. 6, The pleasant places for their silver, nettles (Rimosh ) shall possess them ; thorns (choach) shall be in their tabernacles.' Though different interpretations have been given of this word, as thorns, thistles, wild chamomile, etc., the greatest number of authors have united in adopting nettles, chiefly in consequence of the authority of Jewish writers. Thus, Rosenmiiller says, Rabbi Tanchum, on Hos. ix. 6, explains kimask by the common nettle, in Pococke's Comment. 071 Hosea. So R. Ben Melech, as quoted and translated by Celsius (therabot p. 207), ex antiquioribus Ebrxis, ad Proverb. xxiv. 31, species est spinarnin, et dicitur vulp Urtica.' Nettles no doubt spring up rapidly in deserted as in in habited places, in fields, ditches, and road sides, but most frequently where there is some moisture in the soil or climate. Though they are found in tropical situations, as well as in temperate climes, yet the springing up of nettles in deserted places is rather an European than an Oriental idea. Though kimosh has not yet been proved to indicate the nettle, this plant has been received by the rab bins, and is as well suited to the passages in which it occurs as any other which has hitherto been sug gested.—J. F. R.