UUMEA ; ROME].
II will not be necessary to dwell here with any length upon the Greek terms for governor met with in the N. T. and the Apocrypha, since those will be found for the most part treated fully in other articles (RomE ; JUD2EA; FEAST ; HOUSE, etc.) We shall, therefore, confine ourselves to name them, and to indicate their meaning briefly, as far as necessary for our present purpose :— Of a military and public capacity are :— 'E%-vcipx.nr 05vos, dpve):—Luther: Landpfle ger, Furst ; a prefect over a province or a people, without either possessing the authority or the name of king. Aretas, a prefect of the Arabian king, stationed at Damascus 2 Cor. xi. 32. Simon, the high-priest (t Maccab. xiv. 47 ; xv. Arche laus, Herod's son, a Roman vassal Ethnarch ' of Mumma, JudTa and Samaria, Joseph. A nti q xvii. II. 4; Bell, ii. 6. 3. The seven chiefs be tween whom Egypt was divided during the Roman dominion are called Ethnarchs (Strabo xvii. 798.) In thc widest sense it is applied also to Jewish chiefs of Jewish communities in larger cities, Joseph. Antiq. xiv. 7. 2 ; xiv. 8. 5; Bell. .1(1. vii. 6. 3, the duties of whose office may be learned from Strabo in Joseph. Antiq. xiv. 7. 2.
117Euthr (inewzat), 'Leader ' [Talmud 11011 Sabb. 145, Aboda Sar. It = dux ; or rulership], chief, prince, Matt. ii. 6 [see ;16;41; more especially the ambassador (Le gatus) sent into a province with the emperor's authority. Prefect, Matt. x. 18 ; I Pet. ii. 14.
Procurator, Matt. xxvii. 2, It, etc.; Luke xx. 20 ; Acts x.xiii. 24, etc. In classical Greek the word is also used for king, as chief of the land, cf. Soph. O. R. to3, etc.— Governors in a domestic capacity are :— 'ApxtrpigNwor, John ii. 9, the nder of the feast, `thegovernor of the feast ' (` Obertruchsess'), the man who has the chief superintendence of the table. His functions (in the N. T. passage quoted), are not dearly defined. He has been identified with the Roman arbiter bibendi,' with the Greek ota.croalapxor, and with the vazeTozoibs ; but neither of these formal offices would seem in accord ance with the somewhat humble marriage-feast de scribed there. lie is much more likely to have been a friend of the bridegroom's who undertook the suerintendence of the feast for the time being [See FEAST ; TABLE].
01K0v6pos (dizos, anw), the chief butler and steward of the house (Xen. Mem. ii. to, etc.) ; in the N. T. more especially one entrusted with the management of the property (Luke xvi. 1, etc.) of the heirloom of a minor (Gal. iv. 2 ; 1 Cor. iv. 2; cf. Gen. xxiv. 2 • 1 Kings iv. 6, etc.) Further, a chamberlain of' the city ' (Erastus), (Rom. xvi. 23), cf. Esth. viii. 9 ; Joseph. Antiq. xii. 4. 7, etc ; a dispenser ' of the gospel, z Cor. ix. z7 = the Lord's steward,' Tit. i. 7.—E. D.