Z. HEROD ANTIPAS rlIpans, Matt., Mark, Luke ; 'Arriras, Josephus) was the son of.Herod the Great, by Mal thace, a Samaritan (Joseph. Anti 9. xvii, 3; b'ell. i. 28. 4). His father had already given him the kingdom' in his first will, but in the final arrangement left him the tetrarchy of Galilee and Penea (Joseph. Antiq. xvii. 8. ; ynd. ii. 9. ; Matt. xiv. ; Luke iii. ; ; ix. ; Acts xiii. r), which brought him the yearly revenue of 200 talents (Joseph. Antiq. xviii. 5. 1). On his way to Rome he visited his brother Philip, and commencing an intrigue with his wife Herodias, daughter of Aristobulus, the son of Mariamne, he afterwards incestuously mar ried her. He had been previously married to a daughter of Aretas, king of Arabia Petraea, who avenged this insult by invading his dominions, and defeated hint with great loss ( Joseph. xviii. 5. I). Josephus says that the opinion of the Jews was that the defeat was a punishment for his having imprisoned John the Baptist on account of his popularity, and aftenvards put him to death, but does not mention the reproval that John gave him, nor that it was at the instigation of Herodias that he was killed, as recorded in the Gospels ( Joseph. Antiq. xviii. 5. 4 ; Matt. xiv. 1- ; Mark vi. 14-16 ; Luke iii. 19 ; ix 7-9). The evangelists evidently give the true reason, and Josephus the one generally received by the people. In A.D. 38, after the death of Tiberius, he was persuaded to go to Rome to procure for himself the royal title. Agrippa [HEROD AGRIPPA I.], WhO was high in the favour of Caius, opposed this with such success, that Antipas was condemned to perpetual banish ment at Lyons, a city of Gaul (Joseph. Antiq. xviii. 7. 2), and eventually died in Spain, whither his wife Herodias [HEitootAs] had voluntarily followed him" (Bell. yud. ii. 9. 6). He is called
king by St. Matthew (xiv. 9) and by St. Mark (vi. 14)• Herod Antipas was in high favour with Tiberius, Hence he gave the name of Tiberias to the city he built on the lake of Gennesareth (Joseph-Ant/9. xviii. 2. 3). He enlarged and improved several cities of his dominions, and also built a wall about Sepphoris, and round Betharamphtha, which latter town he named yutias in honour of the wife of the Emperorf (Joseph. Antiq. xviii. 2. I ; cf. Bell.
ii, 9. 1).
It was before Herod Antipas tbat our Lord was sent for examination when Pilate heard that He was a Galilman, as Pilate had already had several disputes with the Galilxans, and was not at this time on very good terms with Herod (Luke xiii. r; xxiii. 6-7), and on the same day Pilate and Herod were made friends together' (Luke xxiii. 12 ; cf. Joseph. Antiq. xviii. 3. 2 ; Ps. lxxxiii. 5). The name of Herod Antipas is coupled with that of Pilate in the prayer of the Apostles mentioned in the Acts (iv. 2.1-30). His personal character is little touched upon by either Josephus or the Evan gelists, yet from his consenting to the death ofJohn the Baptist to gratifythe malice of a wicked woman, though for a time he had 'heard him gladly' (Mark vi. zo), we perceive his cowardice, his want of spirit, and his fear of ridicule. His wicked oath was not binding on him, for Herod was bound by the law of God not to commit murder. He was in any case desirous to see Jesus, and 'hoped to have seen a miracle from bim' (Luke xxiii. 8). His artifice and cunning are specially alluded to by our Lord, Go ye and tell that fox' (7-11 icX6roc4 Tain-v, Luke xiii. 32). Coins of Herod Antipas bear the title TETPAPXOT.