cal purposes must be contemporary with the events themselves. The poetical genius of the nation, however, soon embellished the facts in various ways, and hence the different recensions. The Greek version contained in the Sept. must haNe been made at a much later period, since the author of it was already ignorant of the time when these cir cumstances occurred, and, as we have seen, mixed up two totally different records narrating events of different periods of the Jewish history.
6. Canonicity of the Book.—Though the events recorded in Judith are incorporated in the hymnal service of the Jews called =yr, yet the book it self was never in the Jewish canon. The distinc tion, however, which the Jewish synagogue kept up between treating the book with respect and putting it into the canon, could not be preserved in the Christian church. Hence Judith, which was at first quoted with approbation by Clemens Romanus (Ep. c. 55), was gradually cited on an equality with other Scripture by Clemens Alexandrinus (Strom, iv.), Tertullian (De Mozzog. c. 17), Ambrose (De Off.
iii. 13), and Augustine (De Doctrina Chris tiana,ii. 8), and finally was canonised, in the councils of Carthage, by Innocent I. of Rome, under Gela sius, and of Trent. Some will have it that this book is quoted in the N. T. (comp. Judith viii. 4,
ff., with Cor. to, ff. ; Judith ix. 12 with Acts iv. 24 ; Judith xvi. 17 with Matt. xii. 42, 5o).
7. Literature.—The three Midrashim in Jellinek's Beth Ha-Midrath, vols. i. and ii., Leipzig 1853 ; Montfaucon, La Virile a'e L'Histoire de yudith, Paris 1690; Capellus, Comment. et Notae Crit. in V. T., p. 459 ; Arnald, the Apocrypha in Patrick Lowth and Whitby's Comnzent. ; Du Pin, History of the Canon, vol. i,, London x699, pp. to, ff., go, ft: ; Eichhorn, Eizzleitung in die Apocryphischen Schriften des Alten Testaments, Leipzig 1795, p. 291, ff. ; Prideaux, The Old and Nezo Testaments connected, ed. 1815, vol. i., p. 60, ff. ; Whiston, Sacred History of the Old and New Testament, vol.
p. 202 ; Reuss, in Ersch und Gruber's Ency klopiiclie, sec. ii., vol. xxviii., p. 98, ff. ; Fritzsche, Kurzgefasstes exegetisches Handbuch zu den Apokzy phen a'es A. T., Leipzig 1853, vol. ii., p. 113, ff. ; The yourzzal of Sacred Literature, 1856, p. 342, ff.; Vaihinger, in Herzog Real-Encykloplidie, vol. vii., p. 135, ff. ; Keil, Einleitung in d. A. T., ed. 1859, p. 698 ; Volkmat, Das Buch Yudith, Tubin gen 1860 ; Wolff, Das Buck Yzedith, Leipzig 1861.—C. D. G.