There are three types of coffee in cultivation,— the so-called native Hawaiian of unknown source, introduced into the islands about eighty years ago, a hardy form which stands neglect and hard usage and lack of care better than any other cultural form in Hawaii ; the Java, in troduced directly from Java about fifteen years ago; and Homer's Guatemala, said to have been introduced froM Guatemala about 1890, but its exact source is uncertain, proba bly Javan. The last is the one most largely cultivated in Hawaii. It is a hardy tree that bears heavily, and is not very subject to dis ease. The berry is large and flat like the best grades of imported Java.
The industry is suffering because of the low prices for coffee. The hope for reviving the industry lies in the creation of a market in the United States for Hawaiian coffees in dividually. Growers assert that the industry will soon be ruined unless the United States government protects it by tariff.
Literature.
Coffee, Its Culture and Commerce, C. G. Warn ford Loch, editor, 1888, contains a compilation of nearly all the literature then existing. Other
works are : Colonial Reports, Darling & Sons, Lon don ; The Improvement of Indian Agriculture, Dr. J. A. Voelcker, London ; Tropical Agriculture, P. L. Simmonds, London ; Ceylon Soils and Manures, John Hughes, London ; Tropische Agrikultur, Sem ler ; Culture du Cafeier, C. Raoul, Paris, 1899 ; Shade in Coffee Culture, 0. F. Cook, Bulletin No. 25, Division of Botany, United States Department of Agriculture. Various German, French and Dutch publications contain valuable discussions of coffee. For a discussion of the industry in Porto Rico, the reader should consult Coffee Planting in Porto Rico, J. W. Van Leenhoff, Circular No. 5, Porto Rico Agricultural Experiment Station, from which parts of this article are adapted. For Hawaii, see the Annual Reports of the Hawaii Agricultural Experi ment Station, 1901, 1902, 1903. See list of publi cations on tropical agriculture, Vol. I, page 99. Ref erences on the industry in Porto Rico and Hawaii will also be found in the articles on these countries in Vol. I (pages 109, 114).