For administrative and revenue purposes, the Bombay Presidency is arranged into twenty-four districts, which enclose nineteen Native States under British protection. In 1881 the population of Bombay was 14,025,593, and that of Sind 2,404,934 ; the Native States, 6,831,505.
British Territory, 124,465 sq. in. ; pop. 16,349,206, viz.: Dekhan, 54,204 sq. m.; pop. 7,966,061, viz.: Area. Pop. Area. Pop. Kamlesh, 10,162 1,028,642 Sattara, . 5,378 1,116,050 Nasik, . 8,140 734,386 Sholapur, 3,925 662,986 Almni- Belgaum, 4,592 938,750 naggur, 6,647 773,938 Dharwar, 4,565 9S8,037 Poona, . 5,099 907,235 Kaladgi, . 5,696 816,037 Konkan, 13,580 sq. m.; pop. 3,259,776, viz.: Canara, . 4,235 398,406 Bombay Itatnagiri, 3,789 1,019,136 City, . 22 644,405 Colaba, . 1,492 350,405 f Tatum, . 4,052 847,424 Gujerat, 10,082 sq. m.; pop. 2,810,522, viz.: Surat, . 1,588 607,087 ranch Broach, . 1,358 350,322 Malta's, 1,731 240,743 Kann, . . 1,561 782,733 Ahmad abad, . 3,814 829,637 Sind, 46,599 sq. m.;p. 2,192,415, viz.: Kurachee, 14,091 423,495 Thar and Hyderabad, 9,053 721,947 I'arknr, 12,729 180,761 Shikarpur, . 8,813 776,227 Upper Sind, 1,913 89,985 To Notice States, 67,370 sq. m.; pop. 6,831,505, viz. : Cambay, . 350 83,494 Narukot, 143 6,837 Cutch exc. of Palanpur, 8,000 502,586 Bunn, . 6,500 487,305 Pant, . . 960 47,033 Jangira, . 325 71,096 Itewa Jawar, . 535 37,406 Kanta, 4,793 505,732 Kattyawar Sattarn Ageney,20,338 2,312,629 Jagirs, 3,508 417,295 Khairpur Sawnnt in Sind, 6,109 127,000 Wari, . 900 190,814 Kandesh Sawanur, 70 17,288 PettySt.,3,840 39,111 S. Mahratta Kolapur, 3,184 802,691 Jaghirs, 2,734 610,434 Main Kanta Surat Agency, 4,000 447,056 Agency, 1,082 124,808 The total area is 191,835 square miles, and the population 23,180,721? The various castes and sects in the British dis tricts professing Hinduism, number- 1.?1,06,o01 and Mahomedans, . . . 2,(.01,338 others, . . . . . . 18:1,409 But of these, 163,972 are descendants of races from beyond the British frontier,-Arab, Baluch, Makran, Persia, and Egypt. The aboriginal races of this part of India, Koli, labia, Kolatub, and others, are given as 709,025. The number of castes was about 200; and the Stubs were returned, in 1872, as 10,801,393 ; these being chiefly the cultivators of the Kunbi and Mali sections.
In 1716 the population of Bombay Island was estimated at . . . . . 16,000 on 1st May 1849, it was . . . 5L6,110 and in 1872, . . . . 641,405
as under : Hindu Sudras, . 340,869 Bhattia Mahomedans, . 137,644 Europeans, 7 253 Parsecs, . . . 44,091 Jews, 2,6f1J Hindu out-castes, Eurasians, . .
Brahmans, . . 25,757 ; Lingact, . . . 1,242 Native Christians and I Negro Africans, 1,171 Portuguese, . 25,119 Chinese, . . . 305 Buddhists or Jamas, 15,121 The vernacular languages spoken are English, Canarese, Kokani, Gnjerati, Mahratti, Sindi, and Urdu.
Several of the races are keenly engaged in trade and in banking. Amongst the Hindus, the Bhattia race and the Marwari, Hajput tribes from Central India, and the Banya of Gujerat; amongst the Mahoincdans are the Khoja, Borah, and Menton sects ; the Lohani of Sind and the N.1V. Frontier ; with commercial men from Europe and America, Egypt, Arabia, Africa, and Persia, the Parsec (66,498), and a small number of Jews. The Khoja are converts from Ilinduism to the Ismaili sect of Mahomedanistn, and acknowledge the Imam of the Ismaili as their spiritual head. They have large trading colonies along the east coast of Africa. Cotton, opium, salt, cereals, are the chief articles of the foreign trade ; for domestic use, the princi pal its and manufactures are, cotton-weaving by hand and steam, cotton thread, woollen fabrics, rugs, carpets, working in leather, gold and silver, and silk lace, kimkhaba or brocades, silk fabrics, embroidery, edgings, paper, pottery, esrving from sandal-wood, blackwood, ebony, etc., Bombay or Multan work, and blackwood furniture.
The laud-revenue system is the Rayotwari, not, as in Madras, with annual fresh assessments, and the cultivator is part owner of the land. The Government rates levied are Rs. per acre on dry crops, Rs. 3.9.3 on rice lands, and Rs. on garden lands. Each village has its potail, who is the head of the village for both revenue and police purposes; the tullati or kulkurni, who is the clerk and accountant ; the mbar, who is a kind of beadle; and the watchman. The potail and kulkurni either hold a certain quantity of rent-free land, or are remunerated by a cash pay ment equivalent to a certain percentage on the collections. The mhar and watchman, in com mon with the other village servants, also hold land on more or less favourable terms as regards assessment, and receive, besides, grain and other payments.in kind from the villagers.-Imp. Gar. ; llorsburah ; Finlay; Census Report.