4. Bombyx Horsfieldi, Moore, Java.
5. Bombyx sub-notate, Walker, Singapore.
6. Bombyx lugubris, Drury, Madras.
7. Bombyx yams mai, the oak silk-worm of Japan, has been naturalized in England. In Japan it is the most precious for the produce, and is a monopoly of the royal family. The cocoons arc of a beautiful yellowish-green colour. The silk is as fine, thin, and light brown as that of the mulberry worm.
8. Bombyx Pernyi, of the north of China. It produces the gridelin cocoon and silk.
9. Bombyx Mylitta, of India, produces a large cocoon. It feeds on the leaves of the llhamnus jujuba, and furnishes a dark-coloured or grey silk, coarse but durable, inferior to that of the B. yams mai. Other species are B. Arracanensis, fortuna sinensis, and textor.
10. Cricula trifenestratra, Helfer, has been arranged under the genera Saturnia, Euphranor, Antherma, and I'halama. It occurs in N.E. and S. India, in Sylhet,' Assam, Burma, and Java ; and feeds on the Protium Javanum, Canarium commune, Mangifera Indies, and Anacardium occidentals. Its cocoon is constructed like net work, through which the enclosed chrysalis is visible. It is of a beautiful yellow colour, and of a rich silky lustre. C. drepanoides also occurs.
11. Salassa Iola, Westwood, formerly in the genera Saturnia and Antherma, occurs in Sylhet.
12. Antherma paphia, Kontkuri muga, . ASSAM. . . Mann.
. . . Monism. I Munga, . Disarm Tama, . . .
This has been classed in the genera Phalama Saturnia, Bombyx, and Attacus. It is known to occur in Ceylon, S. India, N.W. and N.E. India, Bengal, Behar, Assam, Sylhet, and Java. It feeds on the Shores robusta, Zizyphus jujuba, Termin alia slats, T. catappa, T. glabra, Bombax hepta phyllum, Tectona grandis or teak, and the mul berry or Morus Indica. Tho insect has not been domesticated, but is watched on tho trees, and, in parts of India, is found in such abundance that the people from time immemorial have been sup plied with a very durable, coarse, dark-coloured silk, which is woven into the well-known tasseh silk cloth. In the Bhagulpur district the cocoons are collected in cartIonds, and aro much used, cut into thongs, as ligatures for binding the matchlock barrel to the stock. In the rainy season the
perfect insect appears from the cocoon in about twenty days. But tench moths are hatched twice in the year, in May and August. Tho caterpillar first draws a few leaves together, as if to screen itself from observation, and then spine a strong cord, composed of many threads till about the thickness of a crow quill, at the end of which it weaves the cocoon. For the first 3G hours the cocoon is so transparent that the larva can be seen working within ; but it soon acquires consistence, and is then rendered quite opaque by being covered with a glutinous substance. The moth generally deposits its eggs within a few yards of the cocoon. These the villagers collect and keep in their houses for about ten days, until the young caterpillars come forth, when they are placed on the Assn trees in the jungles, and in eight or ten days more they prepare for change to the chrysalis state. The owners tend them carefully, to pro tect them from tho birds by day and from bath at night, and practise many superstitious cere monies to aid them in their care.
13. Antherma Pernyi, Guerin, syns. A. Mylitta, Saturnia Pernyi, is a native of China.
14. Antherrea Frithii, Moore, Darjiling.
15. Antherma Roylii, Moore, Darj fling.
16. Antherma Java, Cramer, syn. Bombyx Java, found in Java.
17. Antherma Perottetti Guerin, syn. Bombyx Perottetti, found at Pondicherry.
18. Antherrea Simla, 1Vestuood, occurs at Simla and Darjiling. Its expanse of wings is nearly six inches.
19. Antherma Helferi, Moore, Darjiling.
20. Antherxa Assama, Helfer, the Saturnia of Westwood, the Mooga or Moonga of the Assameso, is found in Ceylon, Assam, and Sylhet. It can bo reared in houses, but thrives beat when fed on trees ; and its favourite trees are the Adda koe tree, Champs (Michelin) Soom, Kontoolva, Digluttee, and Souhalloo, Tetranthera diglottica and T. ruacrophylla, and the Patter shoonda or Laurin obtasifolia. There are generally five broods of Moonga worms in the year.