In Mysore, where the ragi and other dry grains occupy about 80 per cent. of the cultivable area, —rice 10 per cent.,—little ha.1 been done to pro vide water for artificial irrigation.
Very good land in Bengal will yield 48 =muds per acre, and in exceptionally good lands 53 maunds. In an ordinary year, in that good land, the range may be 36 to 40 maunds. Ordinarily fair low land in a really good year, from 30 to 36 mitunds ; and, on an average of ten years, 18 to 21 maunds. Poor or high sandy lands, 18 maunds, or, on an average, 12 to 13 matuids. The average of all classes of land, 15 maunds per acre. (Lieut. Ottley in Mor. and Mat. Pro., 1874-75, pp. 36--37.) In the Upper Provinces of N. India, the follow ing is the detail of seed sown per acre, and the yield, of the more ordinary crops :— Grain. Seed Yield Grain. Seed Yield per Acre. per Acre. per Acre. per Acre.
Wheat, . 3 in.238. 10m.03. . . Om.718. 6m.0s.
Barley, . 1 10 18 0 Mothi, . 0 6 6 0 Peas, Gram, 1 0 10 0 Mak ro, . 0 21 9 0 Sarson, . 0 0} 1 0 Kakun, . 0 2} 5 0 Knari dhan, m. to 458.12 0 Sanae, . 1 0 10 0 Sathl dhan, lin. to 458.12 0 Patua, . 0 0,1 0 3. lm. to 45s.12 0 Cotton—Kapas, Radhia, Maize, . Ora.71s. 0 0 Maruva, Om. 4s. 4 0 Bajra, . 0 2} 7 20 Jetta dhan, 1 20 30 0 Juar, . . 0 7; 7 20 Sawan, . 3m. to 4s. 12 0 One of the most important points for the Indian statesman is to discover other industries than that of the production of food, in order to give profit able employment to the varied capacities of tho people. A large addition to the production and manufacture of tobacco, sugar, wool, silk, jute, paper, etc., would have this effect,,and this could be obtained without curtailing the supply of food, by the addition of one-tenth to the yield of food crops,—a result that might easily bo brought about if greater attention was paid to the cultivation.
This would set free an area covering 20 million acres, which would add 200 millions sterling to the general wealth, at the moderato value of 210 per acre, when the crops were converted into a manufactured product by tho well-employed in dustry of the people. To aid in this, further attention to artificial irrigation is needed. The inferior pulses are greatly dependent on rain ; but for garden cultivation, as for the vegetables, the poppyi tobacco, and sugar-cane, artificial irrigation is indispensable ever7where, except in low-lying lands near rivers. Every tank should be kept in repair, wells sunk wherever water is to be met with, and manure largely used. Mr. Schrotty says flint in the middle of the 17th century the average quantity of rice produced in India from each acre of land was 1338 lbs.; of wheat, 1155 lbs.; cotton, 670 lbs., unpicked, which is equal tc 223 lbs. of picked. But the statistics of the 19th century show that the land yields rice now at an average of 800 to 900 lbs. per acre ; wheat, 660 lbs.; and picked cotton, 52 lbs. In 1828, certain lands in Central India yiekled 128 lbs. of cotton per acre. In Broach, in 1844, the yield waa 83 the.; and at the present timo tho quantity produced does not come to above 83 lbs. And the conclusion arrived at is that the land is beconiing poor, and unless it gets a portion at least of what is taken from it, its producing qualities will still further deteriorate.—Carnegy.