They established security of person and property from governmental aggression.
They introduced civil and religious liberty, instituted colleges, schools, museums, and poly technic institutions for the introduction of a pure and rational philosophy, and the dissemination of knowledge.
They instructed the young in a knowledge of the medical science of the 1Vest.
The English language was made known to them. They formed and introduced the Hindu stani language as a lingua franca. Molesworth's Mahratta Dictionary, and the works translated and published by Colonel Jervis and others, Morris' Telugu Dictionary, Campbell's Telugu Dictionary, Gilchrist's Hindustani Dictionary and Grammar, Shakespere's Hindustani Dictionary, have been published ; Richardson's Burmese Dictionary, Morrison's Chinese Dictionary, and works on botany, natural history, medicine, and physical science.
They established printing and newspapers, and gave the freedom of the press.
They translated into many languages—the Bible, a book of pure morals.
They abolished mutilation and sanguinary punishments.
They abolished slavery in most parts of India. They abolished sati, human sacrifices, and i nfanticide.
They put down thuggi and its kindred iniquities. They placed the remotest parts of India in C0111 munication with the whole civilised world. They abolished transit duties.
They formed roads and bridges on a scale un known to India under any previous government.
They gave India the benefits of steam communi cation on its shores and rivers, and of railroads.
They introduced agricultural and horticultural societies for the improvement of cultivation and produce.
They established commercial chambers and banks, and displaced the innumerable coins of its former rulers by a new coinage.
They formed great dams on wide rivers, and excavated great canals for irrigation and traffic.
The English East India Company began as peaceable merchants, but, as is the custom of the East in all countries without police, they retained armed guards over their factories, which led on the one hand to defensive and aggressive acts, and, on the other, tenapted needy soldiers of fortune to try to plunder them or to seek their aid,—acts which led them by degrees to the acquisition of their vast territorial possessions.
They formed a great and cheap army, about 300,000 strong, from amongst the conquered races, and with them they made conquests in India, in China, in Sind, in the Panjab, in Afghanistan, in Aden, in Burma, in Assatn, in Arakan, and Ten asserim, and twice took Eg,ypt.
They formed a powerful navy, which gave to the Government a great influence over the lawless tribes that fringe the coasts of the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, and the east coast of _Africa. Their work was partly war, partly political, and partly scientific, and they did thoroughly and well what ever fell to them to perform.
Their Courts of Sadr and Foujdari Adalat, their Supreme Courts of Judicature, with Judges and Session Judges throughout the land, administered to each race their own laws, and a great body of magistrates, and Courts of Small Causes, furnished the people with the means of obtaining justice, and gave the Government the means of repressing crime, with the blessing of internal peace and progressive civilisation.
The service of the state was opened to every Indian race, it having been provided by Acts 8 and 4 W. iv. c. 85, p. 87, ' That no native of the said territories, nor any natural-born subject of His 3fajesty resident therein, shall, by reason only of his religion, place of birth, descent, colour, or any of them, bo disabled from holding any place, office, or employment under tho said company.'