GOOGUL, HIND., is met with in all the bazars of India. It much resembles myrrh ; and is said by some good authorities to constitute the bulk of the article exported from Bengal as East Indian myrrh. Royle considers the Googul identical with the b'dellium of commerce, and he ingeniously traces in Budleyun and Madelkhon, the Greek synonyms of Googul, the ,(3'SExAiot, and poeBazoy of Dioscorides. A tree in the Saharunpur garden, pointed out as the Googul tree, had scaly bark exactly conformable to Dr. Roxburgh's description of his Amyris. Dr. Ainslie (i. p. 29) adduces as synonyms of b'dellium, Kukul, TA3I., Googulu, TEL., Googul, CAN., HIND., Aflatun, ARAB., and Mukul, PERS. He describes the gum-resin AS semi-pellucid, yellowish, or brown ; inodorous and brittle ; softening between the fingers ; in appear ance not unlike myrrh, of bitterish taste, and rather strong smell. He stated, however, that it was all brought from Arabia and from Persia, where the tree is called Darakht-i-mukul, but in the bazars of India it is said that the Googul comes from the hills.
Under the term Googul, however, the resinous exudations of several trees seem to be classed. Under the Canarese and Mahratta names Dhoop and Goognl, Dr. Gibson mentions two species of Canarium, one in Canara and Sunda, on the ghats_ above, and the second species of great size cultivated near Bil,gil and at Siddapore. The
choice gutn-resins afforded by these trees are extensively used in the arts, and exported both inland and to the coast. Several:plants undoubt edly yield the b'llellitint of Scripture, and amongst others Balsamodendron Roxburgliii, Am., 13. pubeseens, .S'torks, of Sind, 13. Mokul, Drury, II. glabra, W. and B. Africanuin of Senegambia.
Olibanurn is produced from species of Bowellia, described by Avicenna, evidently referring to the xrActvor of Dioscorides, who mentions both an Arabian and an Indian kind. The latter, Mr. Colebrooke proved to be the produce of Boswellia sernita, Rorb. (13, thurifera, Colebr.), the Salai or Saleh, GOND., of the Hindus, common in Central India and Bundelkhand, especially about the I3isrunigunge ghat. It is probably also produc,ed by B. glabra, which has the same native name, and though extending to a more northern latitude, is distributed over many of the same localities. To this kind, according t,o Dr. Ainslie, the term Googul is applied by the Telugu people. The resin of both species is employed as incense in India. Central India alone furnishes the greatest portion of tho Indian olibanum of con3meree, as it is chiefly exported frozn Bombay.— W. /II. ; Roxb.; p. 287 ; Royle, Prod. Res. ; Ainslie; Gibson ; Birdirood.