IIINUA. The Jakun, Orang Bukit, Rayet ruin, Sakai, Halas, Besisik, and Akkye are re garded by Newbold (ii. 382) merely as divisions of Orang Ihnua, people of tho country. Malays term them Orang Utan, men of the forest; Orang Darat Liar, wild men of the interior; and Ora ng-ul u, people of the upper part of the river, etc.,—epithets which they consider offensive. Tho Binua people occupy the rivers Johore (the Lingiu and the Sayong), Binut Pontian, Batu, Pahator, Rio, Formosa (the Simpang, Kiri, Pau, and Simrong, with their nume rous affluents), and Indau (the Anak. blau, Sim rong, and Made), with the country watered by them, and by means of these rivers a constant communi cation is maintained between the families of the Binua on the two sides of the Peninsula. The boundary between Pahang and Johoro intersects the country of the Binua, the whole of the Anak Indau, and the lower part of the Simrong being in Pahang, and all the other rivers, including the Made, on which they aro found, appertaining to Johore. The authority of the Bindahara and the Tamunggong is little morn than nominal. The Ilium are divided into tribes, each under an elder, termed the Batin. Tho Jakun aro extremely proud, and will not submit, for any length of time, to servile offices or to much controL Tho Binua or Sakai language of Pera appears to resemble, in its phonetic character, the ruder dialects of the Burman group. This character is intermediate between that of the Simang on the ono side, and that • f the ruder Sumatran, Javan, and Bor neon, on the other. The Johor Binna is more guttural, aspirate, and harsh, remarkably broad and slow.
In the Binua, the cheek-bones are broad in all directions, and prominent, giving to the face, below the base of the forehead, a marked lateral development beyond it, or to the forehead an appearance of being compressed. The lower jaw is massive, spreads out and does not rise rapidly, thus producing an obtuse chin, and the anterior maxillary projection considerable.
The lofty Gunong Bermun, nearly 100 miles to the north of the Lulumut group, with tho moun tains which adjoin it, may bo considered the central highlands of many tribes. In the ravines and valley's of Guuoug Bermun, two of the largest rivers of the Peninsula, the Pahang and the Muar, with their numerous upper tributaries, have their source. Tho Simujong, which unites with the Lingi, also rises there.
The upper part of these rivers, and many of their feeders, are occupied by five tribes, differing somewhat in civilisation and langnage. The Udai (who appear to be the stun° people who are known to the Bmna of Johore under the name of Orang Page) aro found on some of the tributaries of the Munr, as the Segamet, Palungan, and Kapi, and iu tho vicinity of Gunong Ledang. This tribe has leas approximated to Malayan habits than the others. The Jakun partially frequent the same territory, the lower 'part of Palungan, Gappam, etc., and extend northwards and north-westwards within the British boundaries.
Many of the Mintira around Gunong Bermun wear the bark of the tirap, the men using the chawat, and the women a piece of rude cloth, formed by simply beating the bark, which they wrap round their persons, and which, like the sarong of the Johore women, reaches only from the waist to the knees. The Udai women wear the chawat like the men. The Bermmi tribes believe in Pirman as a being who made the world. He dwells above the sky. Each tree has a jin, and the Jin Bhumi haunts the rivers and moun tains, causes sickness and death. There is no religious worship, but recourse is had in sickness to a Poyang, who combines the functions of priest, physician, and sorcerer. The Poyang and Pawang of the Bermun tribes, the Poyang of the Binua, the Batta, the Dyak, and Dato, and the Si*Basso of the Batta, are all the shaman, priest, wazir, physician, in different shapes.—.Journal Indian Archipelago, 1847 ; Newbold, British Settlements, ii. p. 392.