FERGUSSON, JA M ES, A rchitect, C.I. E., D.C.L., LL.D. F.It.S F.R.G.S. and 31.11.A.S., was born at A'yr, in S'eotland, in 1808, and was for a short time a partner in a meratntile firm in Calcutta. During the years 1836-1842 he travelled through India, investigating the history, forms, and architectural antiquities, examined tho eastern eaves at Cuttack and Mahaballipur, also those of Ajunta, Ellora, Karli, Kenheri, Elephanta, and others; and he has published the result of his researchea into the origin of the architectural and sculptured retnains of India, in volumes of the highest value to the ancient history of that country :—Illustrations of. the Rock-cut Templea of India, 1845; Picturesque Illustrations of Ancient Architecture in Hindustan, 1847 ; Essay on the Ancient Topography of Jerusalem, 1847 ; Historical Inquiry into the True Principles of Art ; Handbook of Architecture, 1855 ; On a Proposed New System of Fortification, 1819 Palaces of Nineveh and Persepolis Restored, 1851 ; History of the 3f odern Styles of Architecture, 1862, 1874; Ilistory of Ancient and Indian Architecture, 3 vols., 1865, 1874, 1876; Tree and Serpent Worship,
1868 and 1873 ; Illustrated /fandbook for India, 1855, 1859 ; Rude Stone Monumenta, 1872 ; Holy Sepulchre, 1865, 1871 ; Study of Inditui Architecture, 1867 ; Temples of the Jews, 1878 ; Cave Temples of India, jointly with Mr. Burgeft, 1880. In 1859 he WU appointed one of the Royal Commissioners to inquire into the defences of Great Britain. 7th April 1871, the Royal Institute of British Architects presented him with the Royal Gold 31edal, as the author who had distinguished hiroself by his architectural re searches.