The section of the Zeidnat inhabiting the country 100 miles N. of Herat are sunni Muhammadans. They are renowned for their courage, are con sidered the most noble of the Hazara, and have the title of Sar-i-Khana, literally chief of the race. They have 28,000 tents. They have numerous flocks of sheep, camels, and buffaloes, and rear excellent horses. They make ‘konrk ' or ' barak' hair-cloth from the fine silky wool that grows on the belly of the camel. A piece of barak costs from Es. 5 to Its. 40, and suffices for a robe. These are worn in the winter by Afghans and l'ersian nobles. Tho wool on the other parts of the camel's body makes a coarser cloth. Their horses are of the Turkoman breed, smaller and not so well formed as those of the Teki, but steadier, and their powers of endurance arc un equalled.
The Puslit Koh Hazara dwell S. of the Hindu Kush and its Safed Koh branch. They are divided amongst themselves, and constantly at war with the Afghans.
The Daulat Pah section of the Hazara inhabit a portion of the plain of Urt and valley of Siali to the south of Milian.
The Deh Zangi Hazara is a great tribe occupying the country N.W. of Bamian. They have four sections, and 10,500 families. They are Shiahs. Most of the Hazara slaves in Turkestan are of this tribe.
Timor seems to have been the last who held the Hazara iu subjection. After his death they resumed independence.
The Daurani Afghan tribe occupy the country N. and S. of the road between Herat and Kandahar, S00 miles long and from SO to 150 miles broad. It has the Paropamisan mountains on the north, inhabited by the Aimak and Hazara. On the west it has a sandy desert, which separates it from Persia ; on the S.W. it has Seistan and another desert that separates it from Baluchistan ; its southern boundary is formed by Shorawak and the hills of Khojah Amran, and it joins the Ghilzae country on the east. The tribe has two great division s,—Zirak, with four clans—Popalzai, Alikuzai, Barakzai, and Atchakzai ; and Panjpao, five clans—Nurzai, Alizai, Ishabzai, Khugiani, mid Maku. The whole population of their country estimated at 600,000 souls, of which the Daurani hemselves are one-half. They hold their lands n military tenure. They are partly pastoral and artly agricultural, and they speak with delight f the pleasures of their camp life. They term heir summer and winter grounds Eilak and (ishlak, dwelling in their coarse black camlet ents, called Kishdi, the same with the Kara-ulli f the Turks and Siah-chadar of the Persians. Each of the great clans of the Daurani is ruled by a sirdar chosen out of the head family, and the spirit of revenge for blood is much controlled. They have no feuds, and never go armed except on journeys. There are shops in their towns kept
by Hindus. The Kishdi or black tents of the shepherds are 20 to 25 feet long, 10 or 12 feet broad, and 8 or 10 feet high. The inclement tracts are left by the shepherds in winter for the plains. They treat their wives kindly, are conspicuously hospitable ; like other Afghans, do not abstain from plunder, but they have a consciousness of superi ority and a sense of natural dignity, and are respected by all Afghans. They are extremely attached to their country, and have a reverence for Kandahar, to which the bodies of their Freat men are carried for interment, even from kash mir and Sind. They travel little, and have never come to British India as merchants or adven turers.
The Saddozni is the chief branch of the Popalzai clan of the Daumni ; Alma(' Shah was a Saddozai. He thrice invaded India, and on the third occasion ho fought and won the battle of Panipat (Gth January 17G1), when about 300,000 Mahrattas fell, amongst them the sell and the cousin of the Peshwa, and the Mahrattas as a nation ruled by the Peshwa were broken up.
The Nurzai section of the Panjpno Daurani are a martial tribe of about 30,000 families, most of them shepherds. They occupy, along with Myra, the district of Sabzawur, which town is 93 miles from Herat and 286 miles from Kandahar. They hold a congeries of forts with their pasturage and cultivated fields around.
The Khugiani tribe of the Panjpao Daurani have threedivisions,—Waziri, Kliairbitn, and Sher zad. The Waziri have given the Panjab province of the British Indian Government much annoyance. The Khugiani reside chiefly in the Gandamak valley of Jalalabad, and have now about 5312 houses.
The Alikuzai number 10,000 families, and are mostly agricultural. The Alizai arc pastoral ; their numbers are stated to amount to 15,000 families.
The Atchakzai Daurani are entirely pomades, living in black tents in the ranges of Khojah Amran. They say they can muster 14,800 families, in 32 divisions.
The Daurani are stout and well made, with long hair and beards, many of them being above the standard of the Indo-Germanic races of Europe. Some have round and plump faces. With others, the countenance is strongly marked, and with most the cheek-bones are prominent. When a family is by itself, the men and women eat together ; but few restraints are put upon the female, and her influence is considerable. The Daurani tribes, all but the Atchakzai, about 5000 in number, are religiously given, but not intoler ant. They are of the sunni sect. Their national dance, called Attun, is danced almost every even ing, with songs and tales to accompany it. They are fond of tales and fond of the chase.