On the south-west of Orissa is Ganjam in the Madras Presidency ; on its west are the Tribu tary Mahal estates, and also the Sumbulpur and Balaspur districts of the Central Provinces.
In 1881, the populationof Bengal was 69,536,861. About two-thirds of its population profess Hin duism in various forms, and about one-third are Mahomedans, with a small number of Christians. It is ruled by a Lieutenant-Governor. Many of the higher caste Hindus are recognised as former immigrants, but the origin of the vast bulk of the Mahomedans is obscure.
Assam is a province of British India, with an area of 41,798 square miles, and a population, in 1881, of 4,881,420. It is the valley of the Brahmaputra, but is east of the Ganges, and beyond the bounds of Hindustan.
Madras city is built on the western shore of the Bay of Bengal. It is the chief town of a British province of same name, with an area of 138,318 square miles, and a population, in 1881, of 31,170,631, comprising several distinct ethnic divi sions of races speaking Canarese, Tamil, Telugu, Uria, and Tulu, with several uncultivated tongues of scarcely civilised aboriginal tribes.
The Bombay Presidency embraces an area of 197,875 square miles, and a population, inclusive of Feudatory States, of 23,395,663. The Feu datory States of this presidency have an area of 73,753 square miles, and, in 1881, a population of 6,941,249. Their names are Khairpnr, Catch, Cambay, Mahikanta, Narukot, Palanpur, Katty awar, Rewakanta, and Surat. In the Konkan are Janjira, Jauhar, and Sawantwari ; and in the Dekhan, Aka]kote, the Dangs, Satara Jag hirs, Kolhapur, S. Mahratta Jaghirs, and Savanur. The languages spoken are Canarese, Mahrati, Gujerati, Konkani, and Sindi, and denoting dis tinct races. The more prominent of the aborigines are the Bhil, Koli, Ramusi, Mhar, and Mang.
Central Provinces, a British district lying be tween lat. 17° 50' and 24° 27' N., and long. 76° and 85° 15', with an area of 112,912 square miles, and 11,548,511 inhabitants. The British districts comprise Ch'hattisgarh, Jubbulpur, Nagpore, and Nerbadda ; and there are thirty native principal ities, viz. fifteen in Chutia Nagpur, with Bamra, Bastar, Kankar, Karond, Kawarda, Khairagarh, Khondka, Makrai, Nandgaon, Patna, Raigarh Bar garb, Rairakhol, Sakti, Sarangarh, and Sonpur.
It lies south of the Vindhya mountains, and the Nerbadda river flows through it. Its aboriginal peoples are chiefly Gond, Bhil, and Kol tribes.
Coorg, a British province, in lat. 11° 56' to 12° 50' N., was conquered in 1833. Its dominant race are brave mountaineers, 27,033 in number, the total population, in 1881, being 178,302. They are demon-worshippers. Canarese, Kodaga, Malealam, and Tulu are spoken.
Ajmir and Mairivara form a British province in Rajputana, of 2,710,680 square miles, and a popu lation of 460,722. The chief aboriginal races are Mair and Gujar, the languages Hindi and Urdu. Mairwara is inhabited by Mair, Gujar, and other aborigines.
The North- IVest Provinces and Oudh are in the centre of Hindustan, in the valleys of the Ganges and the Jumna, and their affluents., They are ruled over by an officer, who is Lieutenant Governor of the N.1V. Provinces and Commis sioner of Oudh. The combined territory has an area of 105,396 square miles, and a• population of 44,849,619. The N.W. Provinces part is the Hindustan proper of the Mahomedan classification, and three-fourths of its inhabitants are Hindus.
The Panjab province, in the extreme N.W., is ruled over by a Lieutenant-Governor. Its popula tion, including the feudatories, number 22,712,120 souls, in an area of 219,714 square miles. The Hindus, Mahomeclans, and Sikhs form the bulk of the population.
Central India is a political division, under the superintendence of a Political Agent. It has an area of 81,140 square miles, with a population of 7,699,502. In this political division there are 71 feudatory or mediated rulers, of whom 4 arc Mahratta, 7 are Mahomedans, 17 are Bundela, are Rajput, 6 are Brahman, and 4 belong to other races. The 6 feudatory states are Gwalior, Indore, Bhopal, Dhar, Dewas, and Jowrah.
The Native States under the political agencies for Central India, Bhopal, Baghelcund, and Western Malwa, are given in detail at page 458, British India.