cephalus, Russell. Jumpul, , MALAY. Boutali, TAM., Russell.
Length, 2 feet. It inhabits Penang, Malayan Peninsula, Singapore, Macao, Lancavy, Chusan, Madura, Coromandel, Bay of . Bengal, Gangetic estuaries, Malabar. The air-vessel is large, elon gated ; its parietes very thin, pearl-coloured.
Otolithus biatiritus, Cantor, Ikan salninpre. Total length, 3 feet. Inhabits seas of Penang, Malay Peninsula, Singapore, Lancavy, Tenasserhn l'rovince, and, according to Jerdon, the Malabar coast, where it is called Sille-kora in .Malealtun. The air-vessel is nearly one-half of the total length, and in shape might be compared with an elongated antique urn with two handles. From the anterior part of each of the latter proceed five branches, four of which give off smaller ones to each side, and the fifth is tortuous and smaller than the rest. It yields a large quantity of isin glass, which in the Chinese market is considered to be of the best quality, and fetches 40 to 50 Spanish dollars per pikul.
.Otolithus maculatus, Kuhl and Van Ilassel. Jaran-gigi, . MALAY. The total length of this fish is 2 feet 9 inches. It inhabits the seas and estuaries of Penang, Malay Peninsula, Singapore, and Batavia. It is highly valued for the sake of its air-vessel, which yields a considerable quantity of the best kind of.isinglass.
Otolithus ruber, Bloch and Schneider. Jaran gigi, MALAY. Total length of this fish is 23- feet. It inhabits the seas and estuaries of Penang, the Malay Peninsula, Singapore, Coromandel, and Malabar. The air-vessel is large, flattened, broad, lanceolate, terminating behind in a single point. The isinglass is considered very good, and sells in the Chinese market from 40 to 45 Spanish dollars per pikul.
Otolithns versicolor, Cur. and Vol., Russell, 109. Panna, TAM. The total length of this fish is only 6} inches. It inhabits the sea of Penang. Its air - vessel is one - fourth of the total length. Jerdon says this fish is one foot long, and very common at Madras.
Pemplieris molucca, Cur. This fish grows to 31 inches. It inhabits the seas of Penang, the Moluccas, Batavia, and Japan. Its air-vessel is
large and thick.
I'latax arthriticus, Cu,,. and Val.
Ikan bonna, Bell. I Chcetodon arthriticus, C.4, V.
Total length, 1 foot 7 inches. It inhabits the seas of Penang, Sumatra, Java, and Singapore. The flavour is excellent, but the large air-vessel is too thin, and yields too little isinglass to become of value.
Polynenins heptadaetylus. Total length, 4i inches. Inhabits Penang, Batavia, Cheribon, and Sainarang.
Polynerous Indicus, Shaw, be Ball.
P. sale, Buchanan. I P. lineatus, 11PC/e//and.
P. uronemus, C. and V. l'.gelatinosusoll'Clelland. P. ploteus, 111'Clelland.
Lukway, . . Man kurow, . MALAY.
Ka-tha, . . . I3unm. Walan kala, . . TAM.
Total length, 8 feet. It inhabits the seas of Penang, Singapore, Malay Peninsula, Sourabaya, estuaries of the Ganges, Vizagapatani, Madras, and Pondicherry. The air-vessel is silvery, its membrane thick, the general form oval. It occu pies the whole length of the abdomen, terminating behind in a very sharp point, which penetrates the thick of the tail over the first interspinal of the anal. At Penang single individuals occur at all seasons ; but numbers are taken from June to August. The weight is commonly from 4 to 6 lbs., seldom exceeding 20 lbs. The air-vessel of a good sized fish, when dried and ready for the market in China, weighs upwards of 2 oz., is considered very good isinglass, and fetches 25 to 30 dollars per pikul. The fish itself is valued as an article of food, though less so than P. tetradactylus. Mr. O'Biley estimated that 2000 lbs. of isinglass from this fish might be obtained annually off Amherst alone. Mr. Blundell said that the largest sounds were exported from Rangoon, and that they sell there at about 8 annas a pound. Major Bogle wrote that about 10,000 of the fish, large and small, were taken annually in Arakan, and that the sounds sold there for about 5 annas per pound to the Chinese, who exported them to I'enang, where they are said to bring more than a rupee a pound.