A memorable instance of voluntary migration occurred at the close of the 18th century, when 100,000 families of a Kalmuk tribe left the Black Sea, and, forcing their way through all opposition to the Dasht-i-Kipchak, north of the Jaxartes (Syr Darya), at length reached the original scat of their ancestors at Yarkand and Eela. They advanced with their herds and flocks, occupying in the breadth of the advancing column a distance of no less than three days' journey.
About the year 1880, the Government of Russia resolved to transfer 25,000 families of Cossacks to the Amur territory, in the district lying between Vladivostock and the Chinese frontier, to check the colonizing efforts of the Chinese. But the curious spectacle has been witnessed of Chinese immigrants appearing in such numbers as often to defeat the Cossacks, to march into Russian territory, and settle down upon it, whether Russia liked it or not. A large• proportion of the population of tho Amur is composed of Chinese.
About the year 1860, the exodus from the independent Shim States to British Burma of a large body of Shang was brought to public notice.
Quarrelling among themselves, and oppressed by the Burmese, they fled for protection and peace to British territories. Several thousands formed a settlement a few miles from Tounghoo, where they built themselves houses and commenced agriculture. They wero mostly all of the Saga tribe, the Tsau-bwa of whom, or chieftain, Kwoon Nay, arrived in Rangoon in the train of the Deputy-Commissioner. Some of the very imperfectly described tribes on the eastern side of tho Irawadi, to the north of the Karen-ni, viz. be Za-baing, Ka-Khyen, etc., may belong to the Her immigration ; but the Mon is the only within the ancient Karen province. winter of 1863-64, when the Cireassiana, resolved to quit their country, sni e wed in great bodies into the Turkish i dy, and it was supposed that above 300,000 Perhaps all known instances of migration in ancient or modern times, voluntary or other wise, have been thrown into the shade by the voluntary departures from Ireland to America, from among the races, largely Celtic, occupying that country.