ROPE.
Habl, Khoit, . . Mum. Kann, . . . . PERS. Oorde Cuerda, Soga, . . SP.
Sell, GER. eordel Sarta, . . . „ Doodah, . . . CUT. Kaur, TAM Ressi, . . . . HIND. Damn, TEL.
Corda IT Khalat, . . Tem.
Talikalat, . . . MALAY.
Ropes are made of fibrous materials, spun into thick yarn, of which several strands are twititeci together, usually by means of a wheel. In com merce sill the different kinds of rope, from a fishing-line or whipcord to a cable, go by the general name of cordage. Among the cordage sent to the Great Exhibition of 1851 were ropes of excellent quality made of Jubbulpur hemp, at least equal, if not supe,rior, in strength to that of Russian hemp. When a Petersburg hemp broke with 160 lbs., one of Jubbulpur hemp did not break with less than 190 lbs.
In India the mode of making ropes is singularly simple. Ono man sits on the ground and lets out the yarn ; another retires half-bent, and spins it by means of a spindle, the yam being pa&sed through a wooden hoop hung round his neck. Ile gives the spindle a jerk betwixt the palms of his hands, and keeps its motion up at a very con siderable degree of tweed indeed. When several plies of fine yarn are to be twisted together, a man with a spindle is placed at the end of each. The whole aeries are supported at intervals by fratnes of bamboo ; a spinner at the further extremity twists all the strands into one, while a light piece of board is being passed along, where the cords are meant to be hard plaited and strong, to keep them front running too rapidly together. In the case of ropes, after the single strands are laid together, the rope is made up by men twisting the larger strands by a stout piece of wood,—a much stronger and longer piece being used for the entire rope, a man sitting by a board with holes through which the several stranda pass, to see that all go properly together, Mandel etraw rope is made from Eleusine coracaria. The straw is fiat and excessively tough, so much so that in gathering the crops the heads are pulled off by hand, leaving the whole straw s t andi g.
3Ianilla rope is made of plantain fibre, and used for running rigging for shipe, or tackling for land purposes.
Ifemp rope from the Cannabis saliva is used for standing rigging for ships, or for use in water.
Rope of Sesbania aculeata is used as running rigging for ships, and tackling for land purposes.
Coir rope from the cocoanut fibre is used for boats' tuid ships' running gear, and for hawsers and cables, also for all tackling purposes when exposed to wet, especially salt water.
Ropes nunle of Crotalaria juncea are eniployed as tackling in dry places without exposure to wet.
Ropes are made at Lahore of a fibrous phuit called Chuyan, from Sunn Okra, front the Dib and the Putta, from a fibre called Bugar, front palm leaves, Dah grass, and plantain leaves.
Rope of Sacchartun moonja is made near the Ganges, Jutnna, and Indus. Twine is made from the fibre of the leaf-sheath ; a little thicker kind ' is used for towing boats; when dry it does not posseas much strength, when wet it is strong and dunable. Tho moonja is used also for thatching, etc.
A rope is triad° at Balattore of Sealee fibre.
l tope of rattan made at Penang, 3f alay Peninsula, u.sed for drawing water, and as haltern for cattle. Cotton rope is used for hanging and pulling punkahs and tent ros.
The principal eorto plants of British India are enumerated under the heading Fibrous Plants, q.r., to which the following may be added, viz. :— ./Eschynomene cannabina. Sucharam epontaneurn. Ailarithus Malaharieus. ofalifolia.
Moo vulgaria. Sterculia feetida.
Arenga eaccharifera. S. MMOIN.
Arundo donax. Strychnos potatorum.
coronaria. Urtica heterophylla.
Boehmeria argentea. U. atrofneca.
diehotorna and other ap. U. erenulata.
Broussonetia papyrifcra. U. dolabrifonnia.
Celan-ma rotang. U. heptandra.
Celtis eaucasica. U. tiliforrnla.
C. capsularia. U. funicularls.
Cardiff. myxa. U. longispina.
C, angustifolia. nivea.
C. Itothii. U. paniculata.
Crotalaria tenuifolia. U. pentandra.
Eleusino coracana. U. reticulata.
Leptadenia, ap. . U. tenacissima.
Morns Indica. U. rirulenta.
Nuesiesaya hypoleuca.
ROR. Kunkur, or broken brick, used in Bengal for gravelling roads.