Mandaji Sindia died in 1794, and was suc ceeded by his gmnd-nephew Dowlat Rao Sindia. During the distractions which followed on the death of the peshwa Madho Rao Namin, Sindia was able to place Baji Rao in power. When by the treaty of Bassein the British Government had recovered its influence at Poona, and established a subsidiary force there, Dowlat Rao Sindia entered into a league with tho raja of Berar to defeat the objects of the treaty, and he opposed General 1Vellesley's plan. But in the campaign which followed, tho pewer of Sindia was com pletely broken, both in Upper and Central India, aud he was compelled to sue for peace, and to sign the treaty of Surjee Anjengaum in 1803, by which he was stripped of his territories in Hindustan and south of the Ajunta Ifills, with the exception of some hereditary villag,es, and resigned his claims on his former feudatory rajas with whom the British Government had made treaties. A subsequent treaty was concluded on the 23d November 1805. Sindia, however, coun tenanced the Pindaras in 1817. The subsequent open defection of the peshwa and the raja of Berar shook the stedfastness of Sindia to his engagements. The strong fortress of Asirgarli was not surrendered as stipulated by the treaty, and it therefore became necessary to redttce it by force. In the captured fort a letter was found in which Siudia directed the governor to obey all orders of the peshwa, who, by attacking the Resid ency at Poona, had declared war with the British Government. In consequence of this want of good faith, Sindia was required permanently to cede the fort of Asirgarh. Dowlat Rao Sindia died in March 1827. He left no son, and a youth of eleven years, named Moogut Rao, declared to be the nearest relation of Dowiat Rao, was adopted, was married to the grand daughter of Dowlat Rao by Balza Bai, and was placed in power, with the title of Ali Jah Jankoji Rao Sindia, under the regency of Baiza Bai. Balza Bai acknowledged this succession most reluctantly, and maintained that it was her late husband's intention that she should hold the regency during her life. The rule of maharaja Jankoji Sindia was very weak. Although the Baiza Bai had no strong party within Gwalior territories, site did not cea.se to intrigue and to use freely for this purpose a sum of Rs. 37,00,000, which sho had been awarded as her private pro perty. Jankoji Sindia died on 7th February 1843. He had no children. Tam Rani, how ever, the maharaja's widow, a young girl of twelve years of age, with the concurrence of the chiefs of the state and the army, adopted 1;ugeerut Rao, son of flunwunt Rao, usually called Babaji Sindia, the nearest, though a very distant, relative of the maharaja, and the adoption was recognised by the lititish Government. The boy was then about eic.,rht years of age. Ile assumed the title of Ali Jah Jyoji Rao Sindia. The llama Sahib, who appeared to possess the greatest influence, and was attached to British interests, was chosen by the chiefs as regent. But troubles again arose through the instigationa of Dada Khasji Wats, who was at length delivered up. An interview was agreed upon between the governor-general and the maharaja, which was to take place at llingoona on 26th December 1843, but the maha rani and her son were held in restraint by tho inutinous troops, and on the 29th December, when the British artny was taking up its advanced ground, it wa.s fired on by the Gwalior troops. The battles of Maharajpur and Punniar were fought the same day, and ended in the total defeat of the Gwalior artny, and the conclusion of a treaty, by which it was agreed that territory yielding 18 lakhs a year should be ceded to the British Government for the maintenance of a contingent force, and other lands for the payment of the debts of the state to the British Governinent, and expenses of the war ; that the army should be reduced to 6000 cavalry, 3000 infantry, and 200 gunners, with 32 guns ; that the government during the minority should be conducted accord ing to the advice of theBritish Resident ; and that the just territorial rights of the Gwalior State should be maintained by the British Government.
From that time till the rebellion and revolt of 1857 there was little change in the relations of the British Government with the Gwalior State. By the mutiny of the Contingent in June 1857, the Political Agent was forced to quit Gwalior. In June 1858 the maharaja was deserted by his troops on the approach of the rebels under Tantia. Topee. He and his minister were compelled to flee to Agra. On 19th Jane, Gwalior was re taken by Sir Hugh Rose's force, and the maharaja was re-established in his palace. From that date the confidence of the maharaja was entirely with drawn from his minister, to whom he conceived an intense dislike. Dinkur Rao was at last removed from office in December 1859, and Balaji Chimnaji was appointed in his stead, with the concurrence of the British Government. Since that time the maharaja has himself superin tended the whole of his affairs. For his services during the mutinies, Sindia received a sunintd conferring ou him the right of adoption. Ile was also informed that lands yielding thtee laklis of rupees a year would be added to his taritories ; that permission would be given to him to raise his infantry from 3000 to 5000 men, and his artillery from 32 to 36 guns • that the arrears due to the British Government' on account of the deficiency in revenues of the districts assigned under the treaty of 1844 would be remitted, and that no payments would in future be claimed should these revenues fall short of 18 lakhs; and the annual payment of 10,000 rupees out of the revenues of Burwa Saugor in the Jhansi district would bo hereditary. These modifications of the treaty of 1844 were embodied in a new treaty concluded on 12th December 1860. The raja of Amjhera, tributary to Sindia, paid annually to the Gwalior State a tribute of 35,000 rupees, under an engagement mediated by the British Government. This tribute was part of the sums assigned in 1844 for the payment of the Con tingent, and is now payable by Sindia to the British Government under the treaty of 1860. Besides this, the maharaja contributes 2U,000 Halec rupees towards the payment of the Malwa.Bhil corps. Formerly Sindia contributed only 8000 rupees to this corps, and the raja of Atnjhera contributed 4000 rupees. But when Amjhera was confiscated and made over to Sindia in con sequence of the rebellion of the raja in 1857, it was made subject to a payment of 20,000 rupees, no further contribution being required on ac count of Gwalior. Including the cessions to Sindia under the treaty of 1860, the territories of the Gwalior State are -estimated to contain a population of about 2,500,000 souls, and to yield a revenue of 93,09,102 rupees, of which 78,38,900 rupees are derived from the land-tax, 14,70,202 rupees from customs, and the rest from the tributes of feudatories. After the capture of Gwalior by the force under Sir Hugh Rose in 1858, the fort of Gwalior continued to be held by British troops. During the negotia tions, however, which ended in the treaty of 12th December 1860, Lord Canning promised that the fort should be restored to Sindia, when this conld with safety be done. It was, however, finally decided in 1864 that the cantonment of Morar should be maintained, and it therefore became necessary that the Gwalior fort should continue to be garrisoned by British troops.— Treaties, Engagements, and Sunnuds ; Annuls of Indian Administration ; Friend of India, October 1868.