SUIBUL or Sunbul, a term in Arabic and Persian works on Materia Medica, applied to several fragrant roots. The Sinnbul root of modern connuerce reaches Europe by way of Russia. A Sumbul root introduced into the French market is the root of an umbelliferons plant, which is characterized by a strong odour of musk.
Sumbul-ul-taib, or frag,rant Sumbul, is the root stocks of Nardostachys jatamaiisi, the Nardos or spikenard of the ancients, aud is also applied to Hyacinthus orientalis.
Sumba/ rural is said to be the Narden ukluti, and supposed to be Valeriana celtica.
Sumba/ jiba/i, or mountain nard, is thought to be Valeriana tuberosa.
Sumbul-i-farsi, or Persian Stunbul, is supposed to 'refer to Adiantum capillus veneris; but it has tho description of Hyacitithos applied to it, and Polyanthes tubcrosa 8111)8titllted for it in India.
Surlibui-i-khetni, or Cathayan Sumbul, is An gelica.
A Sumbul of Central Asia is the root of Eury angium sumbul, known as the musk root.
In Persian works on 3Iateria Medico, all trans lated front tho Arabic, as, for instance, the Milk!). zun-al-Adwiah, or Magazine of Medicines, we have four different kinds of Sumbul :-1. Sumbul Hindee ; 2. Sumbul Roomee, called also Suinbul Ukleteo and Narden Ukletee, evidently the above Celtic Nard, said also to bo called Sumba Italion, that is, the nard which grows in Italy ; 3. Sumbul Jibullee or Mountain Nard. Hence it is evident that the kinds described by Dioscorides are alluded to, and in fact the accounts given are merely translations of his descriptions. The fourth kind of Sumbul appears to be a hyacinth or polyanthus. But the first•is that with which alone we are at present concerned. The synonyms given to it are —Arabic, Sumbul-al-Taib or Fragrant Nard ; GNek, Nartlen ; Latin, Nardum ; and Hindi, Balchur and JaLainansi.