SWAT consists of a long valley, running down wards, generally in a south-westerly direction. but turning half round from east to west as it nears the British frontier, from which it is separ ated by a lofty range. It is difficult of access to a force moving from British territory. The Lundy° or Swat river, the Suatos of the Greek geographers, SANSKRIT Suvastu, a river in Pcshawur dis trict, Panjab, rises beyond the British border, on the eastern slopes of the mountains which divide Panjakora from Swat territory. It receives the drainage of the entire Swat valley ; enters Peshawur district north of 3fichni, and finally joins the Kabul river at Nisatha. Swat, Boneir, and the country to the east were occupied by that part of the Yusufzai who were the direct descendants of Yusuf ; and the most prominent of their sections are the Abu Khel, the Shamozai, the Nikki Khel, the Sibuzai, and the 3larazai. The country towards the north, including the Jalash valley, in 1878 was under the chief of Der ; the south-west,ern part was under the Khans of Aladund, and the south-eastern or Baizai was nominally under the Khans of Thana, a large town near Sydu.
The lands along the river are low and swampy, and rice is the principal crop. As soldiers, the Swati rank below several of the most martial tribes ; the damp climate has enervated them, and in physique they cannot compare with their brethren the.Buner hillmen.
The Torwal tribe arc highlanders, inhabiting the upper part of the Swat valley. They have about 9000 adult males, and they speak a language which Haverty calls Kohistani. Some understand Pushtu. The Swati and the neighbouring tribes, Bunerwal, Hyazai, Malizai, Yusufzai, 3fada Khel, Husnzai, for about 56 years, up to 1879, wero under the influence of Abdul Ghafur, the Akhoond, who avoided quarrelling with the British when they became neighbours by their annexation of tho Panjab in 1850. He was born 1799 or 1800, and died about 1879.—MacGregor, p. 209; Raverty. See Yusufzai.