XANTHOXYLON, a genus of plants belonging to the Xanthoxylacem, of which the following are S. Asia species :— X. alantholdoa S, and Z., Japan.
X. alatum, Baib., Nepal, N. India.
X. Avicennia., D, China.
X. budrunga, D. C., Assam, X. hostile, Wall., Himalaya.
X. limonifolium, 1.11aasys.
X. nitidum, D. (,'., China..
X. obovatum, Wall., lihasaya.
X. ovalifolitun, Slievagherry X. piperitum, D. C., Japan.
X. planispinum, S. and Z., Japan.
X. rhetsa, D. C., Peninsula of India.
X. schinifolitun, S. and Z., Japan.
X: sepiarhun, PuHeat Hills.
X. in phyllum.
X. violaceum, Wall., Nepal.
Species of this genus occur in China and Japan ; extend in India to Simla, in lat. 31° N., where .X. hostile, differing little frorn X. alatum, is found. Species run southwards along the Him alaya to Nepal and Sylhet, then to the Malay and Indian Peninsulas, and to the islands on the east of the African continent. In India, X. budrunga,
rhetsa, alatuin, and hostile, are used wherever they are indigenous, for the warm, spicy, pepper like pungency of their capsules, a. property which is participated in by their bark and other parts. The capsules and seeds of X. hostile, called tejbul by the natives, are employed in Northern India for intoxicating fish, and chewed as a remedy for toothache ; they aro also given as the. Faghurell of Avicenna, as X. piperitum and AvicenniEe are in China and Japan, and are con sidered an antidote against all poisons. Dr. Royle thought that in many cases they would be of considerable use as a stimulant reinedy. The bark of Xanthoxylon ochroxylon and the pods of Acacia tortuosa are used for tanning in the West Indies.—Ro.cb. ; Boyle, Ill. Ilim. Bol. p. 157 ; Murray.