YANADI, a race who dwell in the forests of tho Sriharikottah muttah of the Chingleput col lectorate. They are in a low state of civilisation, and hold little or no intercourse with their mom civilised neighbours. Until the middle of the 19th century, their ordinary avocations were the gathering of tho wild producte of the forest, which the officers of the Madra.s Government bought from them at rates lower than the onii nary market pricea, and paid them in kind with grain and clothes. Latterly, however, a few on the outskirts have taken to charcoal-1)0min.. and wood-felling, and they are now alao partly in money. changes which all bring them rnore in contact with settled people around them. An effort was made in 1855 to induce them to engage in agriculture. In 1857, Govern ment established & school for their children, for each of whom an allowance ha grain is given. Government paid to them about Ra. 1800 a year. They are about 500 in number. Their ordinary, locality was in the very depths of the forests, beneath the shade of pending branches. A few are of a dark bamboo colour, but ordinarily they are black. The men are not good-looking, but the women are positively ugly, though decently clad. The men wear only the langoti. They have clear skins, but are largely troubled with elephantiasis, for they suffer much from fever. They seem to use warm earth baths in fever. Their food consists of wild fruits and roots, par ticularly those of the Kanduri, HIND. (Bryonia grandis, Linn.), a few wild varieties of yams, and the leaves of Capparis horrida, rice, the wild bean, Canavalia virosa, molluscs, fish and flesh of every kind. They hunt with the bow and fish by torch
light. They are polygamists, have up to four or even seven children. They bury or bury their dead, and pour libations on the grave. The men average 5 feet 4i. inches in heig,ht and 100 lbs. in weight. The women average 4 feet 6 inches in height and 82 lbs. in weight. They have little intelligence,. cannot reckon up to ten, converse but little with each other, and are more taciturn with strangers, whose very presence even alarms them. The language they speak is said to be Tamil ; and a similar race, it is stated, occupy the neighbouring forests on the hills at Naglawaram, and others are spread through Nellore, N. Arcot, and Cuddapah. Indeed, the Yanadi in 1867, in the Nellore district, were estimated by Dr. Lloyd at 20,000 ; and tbe residents inland are more robust than those of the Sriharikottah jungles. The Collector of Chingleput, writing in 1835 to the Madras Board of Revenue, mentioned their numbers then were — adult men 49, boys 41 ; adult women 69, girls 40 ; total, 199. The Madras Government has continuously endeavoured to improve their condition, and to this end Dr. Shortt made large exertions, between 1860 and 1870, and in the latter year about 40 of the Yanadi were employed at Vasarapad, near the snake temples, of which they are the priests.— Proc. Madr. Govt., 1867 ; Dr. Shortt.