SATRITNJAYA, or Palitana, a sacred mountain of the Jains in Kattyawar, about 30 miles from Gogo. Its name means victorious over the foe. From the earliest period of the Jain religion, spreading in Kattyawar, Satrunjaya has been one of the places held most holy by the followers of the Tirthankara. Rising in the midst of a vast plain, near the independent city of Palitana, in the S.E. corner of Kattyawar, this city of temples is reached by a difficult narrow road, and many stairs, on the side of which are built several small resting-stations and taiikcs. It is surrounded by fortifications, on which a few old guns are still mounted, and has ever been kept it) such a state of constant repair, that it is now almost irnpowible to trace remains which can safely be considered of the original structures. From the earliest mention of the place, embellishing and restoring seems to have been the work of its proprietors and projectors, aud at the present date the same spirit animates Jains from all parts of India, and great care and labour are bestowed upon its numerous temples. One of the curious features
of these restorations, is the application of a brilliantly white polished chunam to the outer side, and over every part of the stone-sculptured edifices, giving them the appearance of marble. Many of the,se temples are beautifully painted inside. Satrunjaya illustrates the Jaina custom of grouping their temples. They are in hundreds there, covering over the summits of two extensive hills. The smaller shrines line the streets ; the larger temples are enclosed in tuks ' or separate enclosures, surrounded by high fortified walls. A few yati or priests and a few servants are there to perform the daily services and keep the place clean, but there are no other residents there. The pilgrim goes up and returns. It is a city of the gods. The shrines are almost all the gffts of single wealthy individuals. Some are RS old as the llth century, but the largest nuraber have been constructed since the early part of the 19th century. See Architecture.