1828 . 228,681 . £34,540 1829 . 244,330 . 37,170 1830 . 359,886 . 56,432 1831 . 359,039 . 51,082 1832 . 415,247 . 56,507 1833 . 449,655 . 64,795 1834 . 432,406 . 34,815 1835 . 548,574 . 5,340 1836 . 716,961 . 8,705 1837 . 865,774 . 10,153 1838 . 1,052,272 . 7,342 1839 . 1,192,896 . 8,587 1840 . 1,307,722 . 6,664 1841 . 1,500,701 . 10,697 1842 . 1,647,450 . 57,884 1843 . 1,547,297 . 132,609 The following table shows the principal &reign countries to which coal from the United Kingdom was exported in 1838 and 1843: 1838. 1843.
Tons. Tons.
France . . . 334,563 462,941 Holland . . 149,137 153,632 Germany . . 89,701 153,099 Prussia . . . 60,401 148,197 Denmark . • 105,109 137,268 Russia . . . 68,051 116,041 Spain . . . 9,049 64,009 Italy . . . 26,709 48,854 Turkey and Greece 33,224 41,504 United States of N.
America . . 57,175 33,948 Foreign West Indies 7,097 30,008 Portugal . . . 34,550 29,057 Sweden . . . 23,690 25,961 In addition to the above, the quantity of coal exported to British possessions in the four years from 1840 to 1843 was Tons.
1840 . . 298,591 1841 . . 347,593 1842 . . 352,054 1843 . . 318,914In the last of these years the Channel Islands took '80,413 tons; • the British Werth Indies, 74,889 tons; British North America, 67,939 tons ; Malta, 37,935 tons ; East Indies and China, 30,087 tons.
The quantity of coal raised in France increased 2,744,590 tons from 1814 to 1841, or 412 per cent., and between 1836 and 1841 the increase was 34 per cent. The number of mines in 1841 was 256, and the quantity raised was 13,321 tons each ; in 1836 the average of each mine in France was 9863 tons. Each person employed in coal-mines (29,320) raises, on an average, 116 tons a year. The quantity raised in each of the under mentioned years was as follows : Tons.
1814 . . 665,610 1826 . . 1,301,045 183o . . 2,544,8351841 3,410,200 The export of coal from France has never reached 50,000 tons in one year. The importation has been constantly in creasing, notwithstanding the great addi tion to the domestic supply. In 1814 the
quantity of coal imported into France was 165,345 tons ; 505,180 tons in 1826; 999,452 tons in 1836; and 1,619,160 tons in 1841 ; and of the quantity last men tioned 992,226 tons were received from Belgium, 196,502 from the Rhenish provinces of Prussia and Bavaria, and 429,950 from the United Kingdom. The import duty on sea-borne coal was re duced in 1834 from a uniform rate of fif teen francs per ton, to three, six, and ten francs per ton, according to the district into which it was imported ; and on coal brought by land-carriage the duty was reduced from three francs to one-half that amount. In 1841 the increase of imports was 130 per cent., and the productive ness of the French mines had m the same time increased 65 per cent.
(Mining Industry in France, by G. R. Porter, Esq., F.R.S.; Journ. of Lond. Stat. Soc., No. 6, 1838, and part iv. vol. vii., Dec. 1844.) In Belgium there are 352 coal-mines. The Belgian coal is conveyed inland into France as far as Rouen, where it comes into competition with English coal. In 1834 the quantity of coal raised in Prus sia was 1,810,000 tons ; and in 1839 the quantity had increased to 2,442,632 tons. The coal from the Rhenish provinces tomes down the Rhine into Holland, and it also enters into competition with Eng lish coal. In 1837 the produce of the coal-mines in the German Customs' Union (including Prussia) was 10,393,470 tons.
In the United States of North America there are extensive collieries in Pennsyl vania. Out of 863,489 tons (of 28 bushels) of anthracite coal raised in 1840 in the North American Union, 859,686 tons were raised in Pennsylvania ; and out off a total of 27,603,191 bushels of bituminous coal, 11,620,654 bushels were raised in Pennsylvania, 10,622,345 bushels in Virginia, and 3,513,409 bushels in Ohio. Nearly 7000 persons were employed in coal-mines in the United States in 1840.