Prussia.—The infantry, cavalry, and artillery are divided into guards and re giments of the line. The peace establish ment consists of 74,586 infantry, 23,124 cavalry, 15,651 artillery, and 2,544 en gineers.
The total strength is 115,905 men. The war establishment is about 205,000 strong. This statement however does not give an adequate idea of the military strength of Prussia. The Landwehr of the first ban is composed of men from 20 to 25 years of age who have served three years in the regular army, and are then discharged for two years, during which they are liable to be called out as the reserve. In time of war this ban is on the same footing as the standing army, and equally liable to serve both at home and abroad. The Land wehr of the second ban comprises all the men aged from 32 to 39, and is called out only in time of war. The Landsturm comprises all men from 17 to 50 who are capable of bearing arms. Including the Landwehr of the first ban (81,048) and the Landwehr of the second ban (62,608) the military force of Prussia amounts to 259,561 men, besides the Landsturm. In time of wur the first ban is 130,000 strong.
The expenses of the war department ars 24,604,208 thalers, = 3,600,0001.
Russia.—This great military power has in Europe an army of— Men. Horses. Oannon.
386,000 79,720 1200 and a reserve of 182,000 17,920 472 — —Total 568,800 97,640 1672 Besides this force there is the army of the Caucasus 80,000 strong ; and in the Transcaucasian provinces there is also another force of 80,000 men. There are besides-1, a corps d'armee in Finland, which consists of 16 battalions of in-' fantry and a brigade of artillery; 2, a corps in Orenburg of 16 battalions of infantry, a brigade of artillery, and 16 regiments of Cossacs of the Ural ; 3, a corps in Siberia of 16 battalions of in fantry and a brigade of artillery ; and there are besides different corps of Cos sacs amounting to 50,000 men. The ex penses of the ministry of war are esti mated at 30,000,000 thalers, = 5,000,0001. The Russian navy consists of 50 ships of the line, 25 frigates, 36 steamers, besides brigs and other small vessels. The ex penses of naval establishments are esti mated to amount to 12,000,000 thalers,= 1,800,0001.
Sardinia.—The strength of the army in time of peace is 25,000 men, and 100,000 in time of war. Sardinia pos sesses a small naval force of 28 sail, 5 of which are frigates of 60guns each. The expenses on account of the army and navy are not known.
Saxony.—The regular army comprises 529 officers and 13,700 men, and the mi litary expenditure amounts to 1,339,782 thalers.
Sicilies, Two, Kingdom of the.—In 1838 the army consisted of 44,948 men : 29,381 infantry, 4473 cavalry, 2100 ar tillery, and 750 engineers. The expenses of this force are not known. There is also a small naval force.
Spain.—There are 99,000 troops of the line : 75,485 infantry, 11,016 cavalry 9809 artillery, and 2795 engineers. To these numbers must be added the pro vincial militia (43,095), which makes the total military force 142,200 men. This does not include the staff at head-quarters and the persons employed in the civil de partments of the army. The Spanis navy was almost entirely destroyed i the last war. It now consists of out, 3 ships of the line, 6 frigates, 3 corvette brigs, and 11 other vessels, and a nun: ber of small craft. A corvette of 3 guns and two war-steamers respectivel of 450 and 220 horse power were latel built in England for the Spanish goverr meat. The expenditure of the ministr of war is 322,334,008 reals. The marin department is united with that of con merce and the colonies.
States of the Church.—There are thre military divisions: Rome, Ancona, an Bologna. The army in 1840 consists of 14,680 men, a reserve of 6000, an 3000 national guards of Rome and BI logna. The infantry comprised 930 men, of whom 3300 were Swiss, and tl 6000 others were not the pope's subject cavalry, 800; artillery, 800; gendarme 1700 ; arquehusiers, 800; douaniers, 120( and a guard noble of 80 men. The arm cost 1,756,029 scuds, = 380,000/.
Sweden and Norway.—Strength of ti Swedish army, 39,846 ; namely, 26,7C infantry, 8000 cavalry, 4340 artiller and 806 engineers and staff. Swede has a naval force of 21 ships of the lin 8 frigates, and 255 small craft. Ti army costs 4,118,240 thalers, = 289,000 and the navy 1,414,100 thalers,= 100,00( A considerable portion of the expenses the army is defrayed from the estates the crown, and the actual military e: penditure is not shown in the budge Norway has a distinct military force 12,150 men (10,000 infantry, 1000 e valry, and 1150 artillery and engineers and a naval force, which consists of brigs and 117 gun-boats. The milks] and naval expenses of Norway are pr vided for by the Norwegian storthin The army costs 700,000 thalers, (specie --- 140,0001.; and the navy 245,0( thalers, = 49,000/.