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Cyclopedia of Obstetrics and Gynecology

The Influence Of The
The Influence Of The Climacteric On Certain Patiiological Conditions Of The Pelvic Organs. Certain Anomalies Are Directly Caused By The Menopause. Others, Which Already Exist, Are Aggravated; Others Again Retrograde And May Be Entirely Cured, As Soon As The Menopause Is Estab Lished. Here And There I Have Already Had ...

The Inspection Of The
The Inspection Of The Abdomen. Inspection Without The Help Of Instruments Concerns The Gen Eral Appearance Of The Body: The Size, Weight, Walk, Configuration And Inclination Of The Pelvis, Curvature Of The Vertebral Column, The Size And Surface Of The Abdomen, The Inguinal Region, The Lower Extremities, The Development And ...

The Lever
The Lever. Variously Modified, And Used Successively By Titsing, Rechberger, Cam Per, Zeller, Bland, Boeckmann, Rigodeaux (douai), Warocquier (lille), It Found In The Forceps A Formidable Rival. Levret And Smellie Were Its First And Most Enthusiastic Advocates. Baudelocque And His Pupils Rejected It, Although The Former Had Modified It Advantageously ...

The Limits Of The
The Limits Of The Menopause. Of Course I Was Not Able From My Own Ex Perience To Treat This Important Subject In A Perfectly Exhaustive Manner. This Requires The Continued Labor Of Many Observers; Still, I Think That In What I Have Said Here, I Have Contributed In Some Degree ...

The Local Bath
The Local Bath. When A Woman Sits In A Sitz-bath Or Tub, The Water Only Cleanses The External Genitals Or Penetrates A Trifle Into The Introitus Vaginae. In Order To Keep The Water For Some Time In Contact With The Vaginal Walls And The Cervix, A Number Of So-called Bath ...

The Lochia
The Lochia. During The Above Process Of Regeneration, There Are Excreted From The Uterus A Number Of Products, Which Together Constitute What Are Called The Lochia. The Lochia, Composed Almost Entirely Of Pure Blood, Have Been Called, According To The Predominance Of Blood Corpuscles Or Len Cocytes, Bloody, Serous, Sero-purulent, ...

The Mamma
The Mamma. Position And Shape. They Are Two In Number, Placed On The Anterior And Superior Part Of The Chest, On The Right And Left Of The Sternum, In Front Of The Pectora Lis Major, And In The Space Between The Third And Seventh Rib. Rudimentary In Man And Little ...

The Mammary Glands Of
The Mammary Glands Of Infants And Their Development. Similarly To Other Cutaneous Glands, The Mammary Glands Proceed From A Growth Of The Rete Malpighii, And, So Far As Observations Show, They First Appear About The Third Month. The Separate Divisions Of The Gland Are Disconnected By A Process Of Proliferation, ...

The Management Of The
The Management Of The Normal Puerperium. The Physician Should Not Leave His Patient Until He Was Satisfied That There Was No Danger Of Hemor Rhage, Syncope, Etc. She Should Then Be Left In Perfect Quiet, And Will Soon Sleep, And This Sleep Should Not Be Disturbed, Since She Is Exhausted ...

The Mechanical Phenomena Of
The Mechanical Phenomena Of Labor Term Mechanical Phenomena Or Mechanism Of Labor, Designates The Ensemble Of The Movements Imparted To The Foetus By The Uterine Contractions, And Which Are Intended To Facilitate The Expulsion Of The Foetus From The Maternal Parts. These Different Movements Are Described By Accoucheurs Under The ...

The Mechanism Of Labor
The Mechanism Of Labor According To The Positions. We Have Said That The Mechanism Is The Same, Whatever The Variety Of Presentation, Complete Or Incomplete. Let Us Take As A Type The Position S. I. L. A. Position S. L L.a. Diagnosis.-1. Before Labor. Palpation.—the Pelvic Extremity Occupies The Left ...

The Menopause
The Menopause. The Phenomena Of This Period Are So Various And Change Able, That He Must Certainly Have Had A Wide Experience Who Has Ob Served And Learned To Estimate Them All. So Ill-defined Are The Bound Aries Between The Physiological And The Pathological In This Field Of Study, That ...

The Migration Of Vtr
The Migration Of Vtr Spermatozoa. From Lack Of Direct Observation, As Well As By The Ambi Guity Of The Results Of Investigations Which Have Been Instituted Into The Further Advance Of The Semen, And From The Greater Or Lees Value Which One Attaches To Certain Experiments Upon Animals, This Divergence ...

The Modifications In Lactation
The Modifications In Lactation. We Have Seen That During Pregnancy, The Breasts Undergo Marked Changes, And That In Many Women, It Is Possible At The End Of Pregnancy To Express A Few Drops Of Milk From The Breasts. But This Milk Is Serous, Yellow, And Contains Only A Few True ...

The New Growths Of
The New Growths Of The Female Itrethra. Attention Was Early Directed To Them, Morgagni Describing Some In 1719. But They Excited Universal Attention When Clarke, In 1814, Described Their Symptoms And Importance, And Des Ignated Them By The Appropriate Name Of Vascular Tumors. It Is True That Since That Time ...

The Normal Puerperium
The Normal Puerperium. We Say Normal State, But Only In A Relative Sense. We Have Already Seen That The Uterus, After The First Confinement, Remains A Trifle Larger Than Before Conception. The End Of The Process Of Involu Tion Is Not Fixed, And Although, In General, It May Be Said ...

The One Horned Uterus
The One-horned Uterus. But It Has Not Infrequently Bee-n Observed As The Only Deformity In Otherwise Well-built Adults. The Uterus Unicornis Is Elongated, And Lies Bent And Obliquely In The Pelvis. From Its Apex Springs A Tube, An Ovarian Ligament With An Ovary, And A Round Ligament. Its Volume In ...

The Ovaries
The Ovaries. The Ovaries Are The Essential Organs Of Woman's Genital Apparatus. Thus Their Analogy With The Testicles Caused The Ancients To Name Them The Testes Muliebris. Position—direction—volume—shape—attachments. They Are Situated In The Posterior Layer Of The Broad Ligaments, At The Side Of The Uterus, Behind The Tubes And The ...

The Pathogeny Of Puerperal
The Pathogeny Of Puerperal Fever. Under The Term Pathology Of The Puerperium, We Might Include All The Morbid Manifestations Which May Occur During, And Disturb The Course Of The Physiological Puerperal State, A Detailed Study Of These Manifestations Would Carry Us Far Beyond The Limits Of This Work, And Require ...

The Pelvis In General
The Pelvis In General. Considered As A Whole, The Pelvis, Formed By The Union Of The Sacrum, The Coccyx And The Ossa Innominata, And Of The Union Of The Sacrum With The Vertebral Column, Has The Shape Of A Bony Canal, Larger Above Than Below, Slightly Flattened From In Front, ...

The Placenta
The Placenta. The Placenta Is A Soft,•vascular Organ, Varying In Size And Shape, And Ranging, In Color From A Bright To A Dark Red. Its Function Is To Form A Band Of Communication Between The Foetus And The Mother. The Ovum, At First Free Within The Uterine Cavity, Soon Becomes ...

The Position Of Use
The Position Of Use In Gynecological Tions. Simple Vaginal Examination, The Most Important Of All Methods, Is Performed In One Or Another Position Of The Body, In Standing, In The Dorsal, Abdominal Or Lateral Position; But When It Is Desirable To Make A Complete Examination, Or When Other Means Besides ...

The Post Mortem Ciesarean Section
The Post-mortem Ciesarean Section. It Would Seem As Though There Could Be No Doubt As To The Necessity Of Practising This Operation, Whenever, After The Twenty-eighth Week Of Pregnancy, The Mother Dies, And Tho Living Child Cannot Be Extracted By The Natural Passages, Or Only After Delay Which' Would Compromise ...

The Potential Caustic Agents
The Potential Caustic Agents. Lunar Caustic Is The Most Frequently Used Agent. It Is One Of The Weakest Caustics, And Is Still More Frequently Used In Fluid Or Ointment Than In Solid Form. Concentrated Solutions Are Applied By Long Cotton Sticks To The Diseased Parts, Or Else They Are Poured ...

The Preliminary Phenomena Of
The Preliminary Phenomena Of Labor. Ordinarily, It Is Preceded By Symptoms Which Have Been Called The Preliminary Phenomena Of Labor. The Symptom Which Most Impresses The Patients Is Subsidence Of The Abdomen. Being Due To The Foetal Engagement And Subsequent Descent Of The Inferior Segment Of The Uterus, It Occurs, ...

The Production Of Semen
The Production Of Semen. Their First De Velopment From The Embryonal Sexual Glands, As Well As Their External Differences From The Ovaries, Have Already Been Described When Speaking Of The Physiology Of The Latter. The Internal Differences From The Ovaries Are Brought About In The Following Way: While In The ...

The Prognosis Of Sterility
The Prognosis Of Sterility In General. The Hippocratic Axiom As To The Importance Of The Prognosis Is Certainly Applicable Here. And First Arid Foremost, Estimating The Patient's Chances Of Recovery, We Must De Cide Whether The Sterility Is An Absolute Or Only A Relative One, Whether In Fact Conception May ...

The Semen
The Semen. The Semen Is Secreted By The Testicles, Accumulated In The Seminal Vesi Cles, And Thrown Into The Urethra By The Ejaculatory Ducts. From There It Is Carried Directly Into The Genital Organs Of The Female By The Emission Which Finishes Coition. It Is A White, Viscous Liquid, With ...

The Surgical Bloody Dilatation
The Surgical (bloody) Dilatation Of The Cervix. The Bloody Dilatation Of The Lower Uterine Segment Consists In The Longitudinal Opening Of The Cervix By Means Of Cutting Instruments. This Operation, Formerly, Although Incorrectly, Called Hysterotomy, Is To Day Known Under The Various Names Of Discission Of The Cervix, Hysteros Tomatomy ...

The Tamponade Of The
The Tamponade Of The Uterus. This Procedure Subserves Two Purposes, Either To Check Hemorrhage Or Else To Bring Medicinal Agents Directly In Contact With The Mucous Membrane. Kristellor Used Two Instruments For Tamponading The Uterus: A Quad Rilateral, Blunt-pointed Sound, And A Small Slide To Push The Cotton Off The ...

The Tamponade Of The
The Tamponade Of The Vagina. 1. As A Supporting Measure.—the Tampon Is Inserted Into The Vagina For The Purpose Of Holding Instruments In Place, As For Instance The Intrauterine Stem, The Sponge Or The Laminaria Tent. Further, It Is Used For Limiting The Mobility Of The Uterus, Or Else To ...

The Third Stage Of
The Third Stage Of Labor This Third Stage May Be Spontaneous, The Placenta And Mem Branes Being Expelled Through The Efforts Of Nature, Without Interference. It May Be Natural, Where The Accoucheur Assists Only By A Little Traction. It May Be Artificial, Where The Accoucheur Is Obliged To Interfere. We ...