Anaunic patients as a rule bear the rough sea well (e.g., the North Sea, or, better still, the Baltic, to which they may be sent if one does not care for the steel or salt baths situated in a warm, dry climate). The Baltic Sea is the Eldorado of little children, especially the rachitic and scrofulous. The sea climate here is of the mildest, with only light winds, which arc an advantage; the atmosphere is pure, the sunlight is strong, and there is a beach of fine warm sand upon which to lie or play; and even if the sea, is not used for bathing by little children, they may never theless paddle barefooted in the water once in a while. Some of the Baltic Sea resorts also have brine baths, and woods in which to walk. The advantages which the Baltic Sea presents in summer, are also to be found in the spring and fall on the shores of the Mediterranean. Among the Baltic resorts possessing good beaches may be mentioned Herings dorf, Bansin, Ahlbeck„Swinemfinde, Dievenow, Kolber•: most of them also have brine baths, and woods. On the Mediterranean Sea, may be mentioned the Riviera (particularly Mentone, Bordighiera, and Rap pallo); and on the Adriatic Sea, Abbazia and Grado.
Scrofulous children of a more advanced age should be sent to the North Sea, where the high winds and sea baths, combined with other factors. act favorably. Here arc to be mentioned Norderney, Wester land on Sylt, and Wyk on Far; and among the expensive watering places of Holland and Zaudvoort, Scheveningen, Blanken 1 i)ercd e, and the world renowned Ostend.
Sea baths must not. be taken so frequently, or continued for so long a time as to cause shivering and discomfort, which are followed later by nervous excitement, sleeplessness, headache. loss of appetite, etc. They are to be begun only after the child has become acclimated, the dura tion and frequency of the baths to depend upon the weather and upon the individual conditions.
It has already been stated that scrofula requires repeated courses of treatment, or one course prolonged for months. This deserves repe tition. The North Sea is also suitable in winter for prolonged treat ments. But, as the Baltic Sea may be too great an excitant for very young nervous children (causing, for example, the appearance of enuresis and polyuria, and night terrors), so may the North Sea act upon older children. This should be guarded against, since it may cause failure of the whole course of treatment, even leaving out of consideration the possibility of asthma, etc.
Nervous children do better among the hills, rich in woodland, where the atmosphere is stimulating (e.g., the Black Forest. Schierke in the Harz Mountains, Ohcrhof in Thuringia, Berchtesgaden in Upper Bavaria), or even in the mountains (Switzerland and the Tyrol), where they should be kept away front the hotel life as much as possible, permitted to take moderate walking trips, and, for the rest, he kept as quiet as possible. Of course, remedial measures (indifferent or carbonic
acid baths, or baths in inland waters, streams, etc.) may be employed here in the same manner in which simple hydropathic procedures are carried out.
For the many sick or sickly children \vho ought not to be exposed to stronger influences, there still remain those resorts which are at sea level or only a few hundred feet above Mecklmburg, the Saxon Switzerland, the Harz Mountains, and Thuringia). Owing to the pene tration of the sun's rays and to the shade and fragrance of the woods, it is possible in such a place to often supplement the action of the mineral springs, the indications for which latter have been given above,--rickets, scrofula, cardiac and renal diseases, rheumatism in its various forms, et c.
A simple sojourn in the country may prove beneficial and produce excellent results, even when nature does not appear to offer any partic ular local advantages for the systematic use of the climatic influences. The air bath, for instance, produces a mild but beneficial effect upon the skin; this may be used to advantage in the mountains and at the seashore; warmth, light, and water may all be utilized. The stimu lating effect of association with other children, too, is brought into play at health resorts, so that in many cases the result of the treatment is very good.
While the well-to-do travel with their children when a cure is or dered, the children of the poor must he grouped into camps, (luring their vacations, when the course of treatment is only a short one (about four weeks). But, beside the vacation camps, there are sanatoria which are open during the winter as well as the summer (like the Sea Hospital at Norderney), where the course of treatment is usually longer (six to eight weeks, but rarely more).
In Germany children's sanatoria are to be found in the following places: Brine and carbonic acid brine baths at Alstaden, Arteren, Bern burg, DOrkheim, Diirrheim, Ehnen, Frankenhausen, Goczalkowitz, Halle, Harzburg, Hohensalza, Jagstfeld, Kissingen, Konigsborn, Eon igsdorf, Rosen, Kolberg, Kreuznach, Luneburg, Nauheim, Lower Neu kirch, Oldesloe, Orb, Rappenau, Rothenfelde, Salzdetfurth. Salzuflen, Sassenclorf, Schwitbisch Sooden, Siilze, Sulza. Scabaths: Berg Dievenow, Duhnen, Gross-MOritz, Heringsdorf, Horst, Kolberg, Nor derney, Olgaheim am kleiner Tinnerndorfer Strand, Riigenwaldermtinde, TravemOnde. Others are to be found in Brandenburg, in Lychen, and in Dyrotz. The management of these institutions is not uniformly good, varying from those kept by laymen in a most unhygienic manner, to those which are conducted along ideal lines under the supervision of a resident physician. The number of institutions in which children of the well-to-do may be placed is extremely small, yet it is among such that a separation from the parents is often most desirable.