There is abundance of zinc, arsenic, and calamine; some antimony, manganese, and bismuth. Mercury is found at Beraune, but in too small quantities to compensate for the expense of working it. Among the minerals in Bohemia we may likewise reckon sul phur and vitriol; and alum is so abundant, that 3500 quintals of it arc sold annually for about 36,000 florins. Black coal (pitcoal) and brown coal are in several places, and likewise porcelain clay, and lime stone. There are likewise rich quarries of beautiful marble, especially at Tesin in the circle of Beraune. Jasper is found in considerable quantities, as well as alabaster, asuestus, serpentine, and other minerals of a similar kind. Several gems are found in Bohe mia, viz. sapphire, topaz, precious garnet, hyacinth, and pyrope. The sapphires are small and of but little value ; the topazes scarcely equal those of Saxony; the precious garnet has a good fire and wa ter; the hyacinths are small, and not fit. for the pur poses of jewellery ; and the pyrope, (the carbo py ropus of the ancients,) is remarkable for its fine deep L blood-red colour and great transparency, and is in ' high estimation. Very fine agates occur in various parts of Bohemia.- In regard to the rocks of this country, we may remark that it contains nearly all those enumerated and described in the %Vernerian geoguosy. Pearls are fished in the stream of \Val tava, and mother-of-pearl is found near Budweis, in the circle of Bechin. Bohemia is likewise celebra ted for its mineral waters, which not only attract a multitude of strangers, but are conveyed to every part of Germany.
Before the peace of Hubertsburg, which was con- N chided in the year 1763, the manufactures of Bohe- tt mia were very inconsiderable; but since that ...era they have improved so rapidly, that foreign articles are almost wholly excluded from the Bohemian market by the cheapness and superior quality of those fabri cated at home. Bohemia is particularly celebrated: for its hardware, woollen and silken stuffs, and glass. of a very fine quality.. Its pottery, too, is excellent ; and its paper works, which have the advantage of uncommonly pure water, produce paper of the best colour and texture, both for writing and printing. This country excels likewise in its manufactures of delf vitre, composition stones, mirrors, needles, fire arms, tinwork, hats, (made chiefly of the fur of hares,) gloves, stuffs, stockings, all kinds of jewel lery, laces, cambric, and linen. An accurate idea of the manufactures of Bohemia may be formed from the following statement. In 1801, it contained 321,720 spinners of linen thread, and 85,335 manu facturers of linen cloths, ribbands, &c. who were em ployed at 41,14.2 looms.: the produce of their indus try amounted to 9,810,900 pieces of linen, the va lue of which was about twenty millions of florins. The
manufacture of lace employed 16,9.95 persons, and 1302 were engaged in making veils and cambric. There were 1686 bleaching greens for thread, and 1150 for linen. At the same time this country reckoned 50,614 spinners of wool, 24,563 manufacturers, and 1128 venders of woolleh cloth : the value of this ma nufacture amounted to eight millions of florins. The cotton manufacture employed 31,902 spinners, and 8769 weavers, who wrought at 5830 looms. The town of Prague alone fabricated, at 350 looms, 12,000 dozens of pairs of stockings ; the circle of Burzlaw 1650 dozens. There were 360 manufacturers of silken stuffs, who had 166 looms; 630 manufacturers of silk ribbands, and 483 looms; so far back as 1782, there were 70 looms for silk hose, and 111 manu facturers. The whole of the silk manufacture was estimated at 446,260 florins. There were at the same date (1801) 782 paper-makers, who made pa per to the value of 181,000 florins; besides a great quantity of pasteboard, parchment, and cards. In 1796, there was sold leather to the value of 915,555 florins, and gloves to the value of 85,000. In 1801, there were 179 forges for iron work, which employ ed 2517 persons; twelve wire manufactures, in which there are 293 artizans ; two manufactures forgers fire. arms with thirty workmen and sixty-two, forgers ; thirty-five forgers of scythes, 185 armourers, fifteen file-makers, 382 nailers, and sixty-three cutlers. In .the same year,. the number of glass works in Bohe mia amounted to 78 ; which employed 1821 work men. The value of the glass vessels annually ex ported to Spain, Imerica, Russia, and the Levant, is estimated at two millions and a half of florins. Be sides these works, there are six manufactures of mirrors, in which are employed 282 workmen ; the sale of the two manufactures at Pirnstein amounts annually to about 60,000 florins. The composition stones of Turnau employ 139 workmen, and bring in 40,600 florins a year. The two manufactures of granates at Dlasko•etz and Swietla bring in only 8000 florins. The manufacture of white starch and hair powder brings in 12 A,680 florins, There arc fifty gold and silver smiths, the value of whose work manship does not exceed 140,000 florins. For cop per work there are eleven forges, and for brass there is one forge and fifty-four workmen ; the value of this manufacture amounts to about 140,000 florins.
founderies which supply the whole empire with artillery and bells, are in Bohemia and Lower Aus tria. The value• of the tin manufacture may be esti mated at 56,100 florins annually. Of smalt there are eight manufactures, which export to the value of 72,000 florins; there are likewise manufactures of sulphuric acid, which bring in about 13,884 florins.