BRUNN, BRLNN, BRION, BRNO, or Bruna, is a city of Moravia, and the capital of a circle of the same name. This town is agreeably and strongly situated, -at the confluence of the rivers Schwartschaw and Surtawa, upon two mountains, the sides of which are well cul tivated, and covered with vines. The town is long, and well built, and is remarkable for the beauty of its church es and public edifices. The principal of these is the palace of Dictrichstein ; the fine church of the Jesuits ; the convent of St Thomas, where there is a miraculous Madonna, pretended to have been painted by the Evan gelist Luke ; and the castle of Spielberg, which is built on an eminence near the town, and forms its principal defence. This castle is used also as a state prison, and if it were not a little commanded by the higher ground, it would be one of the finest fortresses in Europe. At the foot of the fortress stands two cloisters of nuns, and an hospital of the Knights of Akita. The Carthusian
monastery of Konigsfield is very near the city ; and half way between Brunn and Rischaw, there is a monu ment or marble erected in honour of one of the emperors. The bas reliefs in bronze, represent him as conducting the plough. There are four fairs held annually at Brunn ; and the principal articles of manufacture are silk stuffs, cloth, velvets, and hats. Speaking of the fortifi cations of Brunn, the celebrated Guibert observes, " N'a qu'une enceinte, avec quclques ouvragcs extericurs, mediocrement entretenus; seroie susceptible de devenir unc bonne place, mail ne defend aucem debouche, le pays etant tout ouvcrt autour (Pelle." Brunn is the seat of several tribunals, and the diets of the state are held at Olmutz and at Brunn alternately. -There is a fine quarry of marble in the vicinity of the town. Popula tion 16,000. East Long. 16° 30'. North Lat. 49° 9'. (j)